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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Current Controlled Trials in Cardiovascular Medicine >Randomised controlled trial of thermostatic mixer valves in reducing bath hot tap water temperature in families with young children in social housing: A protocol
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Randomised controlled trial of thermostatic mixer valves in reducing bath hot tap water temperature in families with young children in social housing: A protocol

机译：恒温混合器阀门降低社会住房中有幼儿家庭的浴室热水温度的随机对照试验：方案

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BackgroundEach year in the UK 2000 children attend emergency departments and 500 are admitted to hospital following a bath water scald. The long term effects can include disability, disfigurement or psychological harm and repeated skin grafts may be required as the child grows. The costs of treating a severe scald are estimated at 250,000 GBP. Children living in the most deprived wards are at greatest risk of thermal injuries; hospital admission rates are three times that for children living in the least deprived wards.Domestic hot water, which is usually stored at around 60 degrees Celsius, can result in a second-degree burn after 3 seconds and a third-degree burn after 5 seconds. Educational strategies to encourage testing of tap water temperature and reduction of hot water thermostat settings have largely proved unsuccessful. Legislation in the USA mandating pre-setting hot water heater thermostats at 49 degrees Celsius was effective in reducing scald injuries, suggesting passive measures may have a greater impact. Thermostatic mixer valves (TMVs), recently developed for the domestic market, fitted across the hot and cold water supply pipes of the bath, allow delivery of water set at a fixed temperature from the hot bath tap. These valves therefore offer the potential to reduce scald injuries.
机译：背景在英国，每年有2000名儿童在急诊室就诊，有500名儿童因沐浴水烫伤而入院。长期影响可能包括残疾，毁容或心理伤害，随着孩子的成长，可能需要反复植皮。治疗严重烫伤的费用估计为250,000英镑。生活在最贫困病房的儿童遭受热伤害的风险最大；医院住院率是生活在最贫困地区的儿童的三倍。通常在60摄氏度左右存储的本地热水可能会在3秒后造成二度烧伤，并在5秒后导致三度烧伤。事实证明，鼓励测试自来水温度和降低热水恒温器设置的教育策略是不成功的。美国立法规定将热水器的恒温器预先设定在49摄氏度下，可有效减少烫伤，这表明被动措施可能会产生更大的影响。恒温混合器阀（TMV）是最近为国内市场开发的，安装在浴池的冷热水供应管上，可以从恒温浴龙头中取出设定温度的水。因此，这些阀门具有减少烫伤的潜力。

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