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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Occupant Interactions and Effectiveness of Natural Ventilation Strategies in Contemporary New Housing in Scotland UK
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Occupant Interactions and Effectiveness of Natural Ventilation Strategies in Contemporary New Housing in Scotland UK

机译：英国苏格兰当代新住宅中的乘员互动和自然通风策略的有效性

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The need to reduce carbon emissions and fuel poverty has led to increased building envelope air tightness, intended to reduce uncontrolled ventilation heat losses. Ventilation strategies in dwellings still allow the use of trickle ventilators in window frames for background ventilation. The extent to which this results in “healthy” Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) in recently constructed dwellings was a concern of regulators in Scotland. This paper describes research to explore this. First a review of literature was conducted, then data on occupant interactions with ventilation provisions (windows, doors, trickle vents) gathered through an interview-based survey of 200 recently constructed dwellings, and measurements made on a sample of 40 of these. The main measured parameter discussed here is CO2 concentration. It was concluded after the literature review that 1000 ppm absolute was a reasonable threshold to use for “adequate” ventilation. The occupant survey found that there was very little occupant interaction with the trickle ventilators e.g., in bedrooms 63% were always closed, 28% always open, and in only 9% of cases occupants intervened to make occasional adjustments. In the measured dwellings average bedroom CO2 levels of 1520 ppm during occupied (night time) hours were observed. Where windows were open the average bedroom CO2 levels were 972 ppm. With windows closed, the combination of “trickle ventilators open plus doors open” gave an average of 1021 ppm. “Trickle ventilators open” gave an average of 1571 ppm. All other combinations gave averages of 1550 to 2000 ppm. Ventilation rates and air change rates were estimated from measured CO2 levels, for all dwellings calculated ventilation rate was less than 8 L/s/p, in 42% of cases calculated air change rate was less than 0.5 ach. It was concluded that trickle ventilation as installed and used is ineffective in meeting desired ventilation rates, evidenced by high CO2 levels reported across the sampled dwellings. Potential implications of the results are discussed.
机译：减少碳排放和燃料贫乏的需求导致建筑物围护结构的气密性增加，旨在减少不受控制的通风热损失。住宅中的通风策略仍然允许在窗框中使用滴流式通风机进行背景通风。在苏格兰新建的住宅中，这在多大程度上导致“健康的”室内空气质量（IAQ）。本文介绍了研究以探索这一点。首先进行文献回顾，然后通过对200个最近建造的住宅进行基于访谈的调查收集有关乘员与通风设施（窗户，门，trick流通风口）相互作用的数据，并对其中40个样本进行测量。这里讨论的主要测量参数是CO2浓度。在文献回顾之后得出的结论是，绝对的1000 ppm是用于“充分”通风的合理阈值。乘员调查发现，乘员呼吸机的乘员很少互动，例如在卧室中63％始终关闭，28％始终打开，只有9％的乘员进行干预以偶尔进行调整。在所测量的住宅中，在居住（夜间）小时内观察到的平均卧室CO2水平为1520 ppm。打开窗户的地方，卧室平均CO2水平为972 ppm。在关闭窗户的情况下，“ tri流通风机打开+门打开”的组合得出的平均值为1021 ppm。 “ Tri流通风机打开”的平均值为1571 ppm。所有其他组合的平均值为1550至2000 ppm。通风率和换气率是根据测量的CO2水平估算的，对于所有住宅，计算出的换气率均小于8 L / s / p，在42％的情况下，计算出的换气率均小于0.5 ach。得出的结论是，安装和使用的滴流通风无法有效地满足所需的通风速率，这在整个采样住宅中都报告了较高的CO2水平。讨论了结果的潜在含义。

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