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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Risk Assessment and Source Identification of 17 Metals and Metalloids on Soils from the Half-Century Old Tungsten Mining Areas in Lianhuashan Southern China
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Risk Assessment and Source Identification of 17 Metals and Metalloids on Soils from the Half-Century Old Tungsten Mining Areas in Lianhuashan Southern China

机译：中国南方莲花山半个世纪老钨矿区土壤中17种金属和类金属的风险评估和来源识别

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Background: Mining activities always emit metal(loid)s into the surrounding environment, where their accumulation in the soil may pose risks and hazards to humans and ecosystems. Objective: This paper aims to determine of the type, source, chemical form, fate and transport, and accurate risk assessment of 17 metal(loid) contaminants including As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ag, B, Bi, Co, Mo, Sb, Ti, V, W and Sn in the soils collected from an abandoned tungsten mining area, and to guide the implementing of appropriate remediation strategies. Methods: Contamination factors (CFs) and integrated pollution indexes (IPIs) and enrichment factors (EFs) were used to assess their ecological risk and the sources were identified by using multivariate statistics analysis, spatial distribution investigation and correlation matrix. Results: The IPI and EF values indicated the soils in the mine site and the closest downstream one were extremely disturbed by metal(loid)s such as As, Bi, W, B, Cu, Pb and Sn, which were emitted from the mining wastes and acid drainages and delivered by the runoff and human activities. Arsenic contamination was detected in nine sites with the highest CF values at 24.70 next to the mining site. The Cd contamination scattered in the paddy soils around the resident areas with higher fraction of bioavailable forms, primarily associated with intense application of phosphorus fertilizer. The lithogenic elements V, Ti, Ag, Ni, Sb, Mo exhibit low contamination in all sampling points and their distribution were depended on the soil texture and pedogenesis process. Conclusions: The long term historical mining activities have caused severe As contamination and higher enrichment of the other elements of orebody in the local soils. The appropriate remediation treatment approach should be proposed to reduce the bioavailability of Cd in the paddy soils and to immobilize As to reclaim the soils around the mining site. Furthermore, alternative fertilizing way and irrigating water sources are urgencies to reduce the input of Cd and As into the local soils effectively.
机译：背景：采矿活动总是向周围环境释放金属（胶体），金属在土壤中的积累可能对人类和生态系统构成风险和危害。目的：本文旨在确定17种金属（类）污染物的类型，来源，化学形式，归宿和运输，并进行准确的风险评估，包括As，Cd，Cu，Ni，Pb，Zn，Cr，Ag，B，从废弃的钨矿开采区收集的土壤中的铋，钴，钼，锑，锑，钛，钒，钨和锡，并指导适当的补救策略的实施。方法：采用污染因子（CFs），综合污染指数（IPIs）和富集因子（EFs）评估其生态风险，并通过多元统计分析，空间分布调查和相关矩阵来识别来源。结果：IPI和EF值表明，矿区和最近的下游土壤受到采矿过程中排放的As，Bi，W，B，Cu，Pb和Sn等金属（金属）的极大干扰。废物和酸性排水，并通过径流和人类活动输送。在采矿场附近的9个CF值最高的地点（24.70）检测到砷污染。 Cd污染散布在居民区周围的稻田土壤中，具有较高的生物利用形式，这主要与磷肥的大量施用有关。致岩元素V，Ti，Ag，Ni，Sb，Mo在所有采样点均表现出低污染，其分布取决于土壤质地和成岩过程。结论：长期的历史采矿活动已导致当地土壤中严重的砷污染和矿体其他元素的富集。应提出适当的补救处理方法，以减少稻田土壤中Cd的生物利用度，并固定As来开采场地周围的土壤。此外，迫切需要替代的施肥方式和灌溉水源，以有效减少镉和砷向当地土壤的输入。

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