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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >An Evidence-Based Review of Impacts Strategies and Tools to Mitigate Urban Heat Islands
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An Evidence-Based Review of Impacts Strategies and Tools to Mitigate Urban Heat Islands

机译：基于证据的缓解城市热岛影响策略和工具的评论

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摘要

The impacts of climate changes on cities, which are home to over half of the world’s population, are already being felt. In many cases, the intensive speed with which urban centres have been growing means that little attention has been paid to the role played by climatic factors in maintaining quality of life. Among the negative consequences of rapid city growth is the expansion of the problems posed by urban heat islands (UHIs), defined as areas in a city that are much warmer than other sites, especially in comparison with rural areas. This paper analyses the consistency of the UHI-related literature in three stages: first it outlines its characteristics and impacts in a wide variety of cities around the world, which poses pressures to public health in many different countries. Then it introduces strategies which may be employed in order to reduce its effects, and finally it analyses available tools to systematize the initial high level assessment of the phenomenon for multidisciplinary teams involved in the urban planning process. The analysis of literature on the characteristics, impacts, strategies and digital tools to assess on the UHI, reveals the wide variety of parameters, methods, tools and strategies analysed and suggested in the different studies, which does not always allow to compare or standardize the diagnosis or solutions.
机译：气候变化对城市的影响正在受到影响，城市是世界人口一半以上的城市。在许多情况下，城市中心的快速发展意味着很少有人关注气候因素在维持生活质量方面所起的作用。快速城市发展的负面后果之一是城市热岛（UHIs）带来的问题扩大，城市热岛被定义为城市中比其他地方要温暖得多的地区，特别是与农村地区相比。本文分三个阶段分析了UHI相关文献的一致性：首先概述了其在世界各地大城市中的特征和影响，这给许多国家的公共卫生带来了压力。然后，它介绍了可以用来减少其影响的策略，最后，分析了可用的工具，以便对参与城市规划过程的多学科团队对该现象进行初步的高水平评估。对有关UHI的特征，影响，策略和数字工具的文献分析表明，在不同的研究中分析和建议了各种各样的参数，方法，工具和策略，这并不总是允许对UHI进行比较或标准化。诊断或解决方案。

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