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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Media Coverage of Alcohol Issues: A Critical Political Economy Framework—A Case Study from Ireland
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Media Coverage of Alcohol Issues: A Critical Political Economy Framework—A Case Study from Ireland

机译：媒体对酒精问题的报道：关键的政治经济学框架-以爱尔兰为例

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There is a growing literature on news media representations of alcohol-related issues. However, current scholarship has neglected critical political economic frameworks to interpret media coverage of alcohol. This paper presents such a framework that conceives of news organisations as corporations that share the values and interests of political and economic elites. The media are thus expected to present viewpoints that are more aligned with the alcohol industry than the scientific consensus on public health policy would warrant. The media are also expected, but to a lesser extent, to present a certain amount of support for public health perspectives because these are supported by a few socioeconomic elite groups (the medical professions, progressive politicians). The case of Ireland from 2012 to 2017 illustrates the framework empirically. Four main newspapers’ coverage of the Public Health (Alcohol) Bill and related policies is examined. Results show that, overall, 44.0% of articles support public health measures and 56.0% are opposed or remain neutral. It is argued that the media are not strong proponents of public health for multiple reasons: there are more articles opposed to or neutral toward public health measures than supporting them; the number of supportive articles remains relatively small and there are still many pieces presenting drinks industry views; there are virtually no calls in the media for stronger measures; supportive coverage is partially explained by the pub owners lobby’s support for minimum unit pricing; the media often downplay or ignore the negative consequences of alcohol, such as its role in accidents; many news articles normalise drinking and promote events sponsored by the industry; there is not a single Irish journalist covering alcohol issues systematically; and other policy issues that are prioritised by elites receive multiple times more media coverage than public health measures. In short, the media reflect the views of the political and economic establishment on public health measures: there is some support from the medical professions and progressive politicians, but overall, there is a clear reluctance to support strong public health strategies. One main recommendation for public health advocates to promote their perspectives is to diversify the mass media and make them less commercial in nature, as well as to engage with non-corporate, so-called progressive “alternative media” outlets.
机译：新闻媒体对酒精相关问题的报道越来越多。但是，目前的学术研究已经忽略了解释媒体对酒精报道的重要政治经济学框架。本文提出了这样一个框架，该框架将新闻组织视为共享政治和经济精英价值观和利益的公司。因此，预计媒体将提出与酒精行业更加一致的观点，而不是就公共卫生政策达成科学共识。还希望媒体在某种程度上为公共卫生观点提供一定程度的支持，因为这些观点得到了一些社会经济精英团体（医学界，进步的政治家）的支持。 2012年至2017年的爱尔兰案例从经验上说明了该框架。审查了四家主要报纸对《公共卫生（酒精）法案》和相关政策的报道。结果表明，总体而言，44.0％的文章支持公共卫生措施，而56.0％的文章表示反对或保持中立。有人认为，媒体不是公共卫生的有力支持者，其原因有很多：与公共卫生措施相对立或中立的文章多于对它们的支持。支持性物品的数量仍然相对较少，并且仍然有很多文章表达了饮料行业的观点；几乎没有媒体呼吁采取更强有力的措施；酒吧老板游说团对最低单位价格的支持部分解释了支持性报道；媒体经常低估或忽略酒精的负面影响，例如其在事故中的作用；许多新闻文章规范了饮酒并促进了该行业赞助的活动；没有一位爱尔兰新闻记者系统地报道酒精问题；精英们优先考虑的其他政策问题所获得的媒体报道要比公共卫生措施多倍。简而言之，媒体反映了政治和经济体制对公共卫生措施的看法：医学界和进步的政治家提供了一些支持，但总的来说，显然不愿意支持强有力的公共卫生策略。向公共卫生倡导者宣传其观点的一项主要建议是，使大众传播媒体多样化，减少其本质上的商业性，并与非公司的，所谓的渐进式“替代媒体”媒体互动。

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