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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Effects of Different Types of Water and Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on Greenhouse Gas Emissions Yield and Water Consumption of Paddy Fields in Cold Region of China
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Effects of Different Types of Water and Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on Greenhouse Gas Emissions Yield and Water Consumption of Paddy Fields in Cold Region of China

机译：不同类型水氮肥管理对中国寒区稻田温室气体排放产量和耗水量的影响

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摘要

Water management and nitrogen (N) fertilizers are the two main driving factors of greenhouse gas emissions. In this paper, two irrigation modes, controlled irrigation (CI) and flood irrigation (FI), and four nitrogen fertilizer levels (N0: 0, N1: 85, N2: 110, and N3: 135 kg·hm−2) were set to study the effect of different irrigation modes and N fertilizer amount on greenhouse-gas emissions of paddy fields in cold region by using the static chamber-gas chromatograph method; yield and water consumption were also analyzed. The results showed that, compared with FI, CI significantly reduced CH4 emissions by 19.42~46.94%, but increased N2O emissions by 5.66~11.85%. Under the two irrigation modes, N fertilizers could significantly increase N2O emissions, but the CH4 emissions of each N treatment showed few differences. Compared with FI, appropriate N application under CI could significantly increase grain number per spike, seed-setting rate, and 1000-grain weight, thus increasing yield. Under the two irrigation modes, water consumption increased with the increase of N application rate, and the total water consumption of CI was significantly lower than that of FI. The global warming potential (GWP) of CI was significantly smaller than that of FI. The trend of GWP in each treatment was similar to that of CH4. Through comprehensive comparison and analysis of water productivity (WP), gas emission intensity (GHGI), and the yield of each treatment, we found that CI+N2 treatment had the highest WP (2.05 kg·m−3) and lowest GHGI (0.37 kg CO2-eq·kg−1), while maintaining high yield (10,224.4 kg·hm−2). The results of this study provide an important basis for guiding high yield, water-savings, and emission reduction of paddy fields in cold regions.
机译：水资源管理和氮肥是温室气体排放的两个主要驱动因素。本文采用控制灌溉（CI）和洪水灌溉（FI）两种灌溉方式，以及四个氮肥水平（N0：0，N1：85，N2：110和N3：135 kg·hm -2） ）通过静态室内气相色谱法研究了不同灌溉方式和氮肥用量对寒冷地区稻田温室气体排放的影响；还分析了产量和耗水量。结果表明，与FI相比，CI显着降低了CH4排放量19.42〜46.94％，但增加了N2O排放量5.66〜11.85％。在两种灌溉方式下，氮肥可以显着增加一氧化二氮的排放，但每种氮处理的甲烷排放量差异不大。与FI相比，在CI下适当施用N可以显着增加单穗粒数，结实率和1000粒重，从而提高产量。在两种灌溉方式下，氮素施用量的增加使耗水量增加，CI的总耗水量明显低于FI。 CI的全球变暖潜能值（GWP）明显小于FI的。每种处理中GWP的趋势与CH4相似。通过对各处理的产水量（WP），气体排放强度（GHGI）和产量的综合比较和分析，发现CI + N2处理的WP最高（2.05 kg·m −3 ）和最低GHGI（0.37千克CO2-eq·kg -1 ），同时保持高产量（10,224.4千克·hm -2 ）。这项研究的结果为指导高产，节水和减少寒冷地区稻田的排放提供了重要的基础。

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