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What makes community based injury prevention work? In search of evidence of effectiveness

机译：是什么使基于社区的伤害预防发挥作用？寻找有效性的证据

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摘要

Community based injury prevention work has become a widely accepted strategy among safety promotion specialists. Hundreds of community based injury prevention programs have been implemented since the mid-1970s, but relatively few have been evaluated rigorously, resulting in a lack of consensus regarding the effectiveness of this approach. This study sought to identify key components that contribute to the effectiveness of these programs. The objective was to gain a better understanding of the community based model for injury prevention. The study was performed as a structured review of existing evaluations of injury prevention programs that employed multiple strategies to target different age groups, environments, and situations. The results of this study suggested that there are complex relationships between the outcome and the context, structure, and process of community-wide injury prevention programs. The interconnectedness of these variables made it difficult to provide solid evidence to prioritise in terms of program effectiveness. The evaluations of multifaceted community oriented injury prevention programs were found to have many shortcomings. Meagre descriptions of community characteristics and conditions, insufficient assessment of structural program components, and failure to establish process-outcome relationships contributed to the difficulty of identifying key success factors of the programs.
机译：基于社区的伤害预防工作已成为安全促进专家广泛接受的策略。自1970年代中期以来，已实施了数百个基于社区的伤害预防计划，但对其进行了严格的评估，导致对该方法的有效性缺乏共识。本研究试图确定有助于提高这些计划有效性的关键因素。目的是更好地了解基于社区的伤害预防模型。这项研究是对现有伤害预防计划评估的结构性审查，该评估采用了针对不同年龄组，环境和情况的多种策略。这项研究的结果表明，结果与社区范围的伤害预防计划的背景，结构和过程之间存在复杂的关系。这些变量的相互联系使得难以提供可靠的证据来确定方案有效性。人们发现，以社区为导向的多方面预防伤害计划的评估存在许多缺陷。对社区特征和条件的描述不清，对结构性计划组成部分的评估不足，以及未能建立过程成果关系，导致难以确定计划的关键成功因素。

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