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Aggression in Tephritidae Flies: Where When Why? Future Directions for Research in Integrated Pest Management

机译:eph科蝇的侵略:何处何时何地?病虫害综合治理研究的未来方向

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摘要

True fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) include over 4000 species, many of which constitute enormous threats to fruit and vegetable production worldwide. A number of Tephritidae are lekking species, forming aggregations in which males fight to defend a small territory where they court females and mate. Male-male contests also occur in non-lekking species, characterized by resource defense polygyny. Tephritidae females display agonistic behavior to maintain single oviposition sites and reduce larval competition for food. Here, how, where, when and why aggressive interactions occur in Tephritidae flies is reviewed. A number of neglected issues deserving further research are highlighted, with a special focus on diel periodicity of aggression, cues evoking aggressive behavior, the role of previous experience on fighting success and the evolution of behavioral lateralization of aggressive displays. In the final section, future directions to exploit this knowledge in Integrated Pest Management, with particular emphasis on enhancement of Sterile Insect Technique and interspecific competitive displacement in the field are suggested.
机译:真正的果蝇(双翅目:蝇科)包括4000多种,其中许多对全世界的水果和蔬菜生产构成巨大威胁。许多of科动物都在潜逃,形成聚集体,雄性在其中争夺保卫一小片区域,在该区域中与雌性交配。雄性-雄性竞争也发生在以资源防御多妻制为特征的非潜行物种中。蝇科雌性动物表现出激动行为,以维持单个卵生部位并减少幼虫争夺食物。在这里,回顾了在蝇科蝇中发生侵略性相互作用的方式,地点,时间和原因。着重指出了许多值得进一步研究的被忽视的问题,其中特别关注侵略的周期性变化,引起攻击性行为的线索,先前的经验对成功战斗的作用以及攻击性显示的行为偏向的演变。在最后一节中,提出了在病虫害综合防治中利用这一知识的未来方向,特别强调了加强不育昆虫技术和田间种间竞争性置换的建议。

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