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Impact Assessment of Biological Control-Based Integrated Pest Management in Rice and Maize in the Greater Mekong Subregion

机译：基于生物控制的大湄公河次区域稻米和玉米害虫综合治理的影响评估

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The impact and sustainability of two interventions that have been formulated to introduce integrated pest management (IPM) into rice and maize crops in Southwestern China, Laos, and Myanmar between 2011 and 2016, and were assessed at the end of 2017. From 22 Trichogramma rearing facilities established during the interventions, 11 were still producing substantial quantities of biocontrol agents 1.5 years after project support had ended, while seven had stopped operations completely, and four were doing stock rearing only. Through the implementation of biological control-based IPM, slightly higher yields were achieved in maize and rice (4–10%), when compared to control farmers, but the difference was not statistically significant. However, the use of pesticides nearly halved when farmers started using Trichogramma egg-cards as a biological control agent. Support from either public or private institutions was found to be important for ensuring the sustainability of Trichogramma rearing facilities. Many of the suggested IPM measures were not adopted by smallholder farmers, indicating that the positive impacts of the interventions mostly resulted from the application of Trichogramma biological control agents. The following assessment suggests that further promotion of IPM adoption among farmers is needed to upscale the already positive effects of interventions that facilitate reductions in synthetic pesticide use, and the effects on sustainable agricultural production of rice and maize in the target area more generally.
机译：在2011年至2016年期间，已制定了两种干预措施的影响力和可持续性，这些干预措施旨在将病虫害综合治理（IPM）引入中国西南地区，老挝和缅甸的水稻和玉米作物中，并于2017年底进行了评估。从22赤眼蜂饲养干预期间建立的工厂中，有11家在项目支持终止1.5年后仍在生产大量的生物防治剂，而7家已完全停止运营，其中4家仅在进行饲养。通过实施基于生物控制的病虫害综合防治，与对照农户相比，玉米和水稻的单产略高（4-10％），但差异无统计学意义。但是，当农民开始使用赤眼蜂鸡蛋卡作为生物防治剂时，农药的使用几乎减少了一半。人们发现，公共或私人机构的支持对于确保赤眼蜂饲养设施的可持续性至关重要。小农没有采取许多建议的病虫害综合防治措施，表明干预措施的积极影响主要是由于应用了赤眼蜂生物防治剂。以下评估表明，需要在农民中进一步促进病虫害综合防治的采用，以扩大已经有利于减少合成农药使用的干预措施的积极作用，以及更广泛地对目标地区稻米和玉米可持续农业生产的影响。

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