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Selective Laser Sintering of Laser Printed Ag Nanoparticle Micropatterns at High Repetition Rates

机译：高重复率的激光印刷Ag纳米微粒图案的选择性激光烧结

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摘要

The increasing development of flexible and printed electronics has fueled substantial advancements in selective laser sintering, which has been attracting interest over the past decade. Laser sintering of metal nanoparticle dispersions in particular (from low viscous inks to high viscous pastes) offers significant advantages with respect to more conventional thermal sintering or curing techniques. Apart from the obvious lateral selectivity, the use of short-pulsed and high repetition rate lasers minimizes the heat affected zone and offers unparalleled control over a digital process, enabling the processing of stacked and pre-structured layers on very sensitive polymeric substrates. In this work, the authors have conducted a systematic investigation of the laser sintering of micro-patterns comprising Ag nanoparticle high viscous inks: The effect of laser pulse width within the range of 20–200 nanoseconds (ns), a regime which many commercially available, high repetition rate lasers operate in, has been thoroughly investigated experimentally in order to define the optimal processing parameters for the fabrication of highly conductive Ag patterns on polymeric substrates. The in-depth temperature profiles resulting from the effect of laser pulses of varying pulse widths have been calculated using a numerical model relying on the finite element method, which has been fed with physical parameters extracted from optical and structural characterization. Electrical characterization of the resulting sintered micro-patterns has been benchmarked against the calculated temperature profiles, so that the resistivity can be associated with the maximal temperature value. This quantitative correlation offers the possibility to predict the optimal process window in future laser sintering experiments. The reported computational and experimental findings will foster the wider adoption of laser micro-sintering technology for laboratory and industrial use.
机译：柔性和印刷电子产品的不断发展推动了选择性激光烧结的重大进步，在过去的十年中，激光烧结已经引起了人们的兴趣。相对于更常规的热烧结或固化技术，特别是金属纳米颗粒分散体的激光烧结（从低粘度油墨到高粘度糊剂）具有明显的优势。除了明显的横向选择性外，使用短脉冲和高重复频率的激光器还可以最大程度地减少热影响区，并提供对数字过程的无与伦比的控制，从而可以在非常敏感的聚合物基板上加工堆叠和预结构化的层。在这项工作中，作者对包含Ag纳米颗粒高粘度油墨的微图案的激光烧结进行了系统的研究：激光脉冲宽度在20-200纳秒（ns）范围内的影响，许多商业上可以买到的方式为了确定在聚合物基板上制造高导电性Ag图案的最佳工艺参数，已经对高重复频率激光器的工作原理进行了彻底研究。使用依赖于有限元方法的数值模型，通过数值模型计算了由变化的脉冲宽度的激光脉冲的影响所产生的深度温度曲线，该模型已输入了从光学和结构表征中提取的物理参数。所形成的烧结微图案的电特性已针对计算出的温度曲线进行了基准测试，因此电阻率可与最大温度值相关联。这种定量的相关性为预测未来的激光烧结实验中的最佳工艺窗口提供了可能性。报告的计算和实验结果将促进激光微烧结技术在实验室和工业用途中的广泛采用。

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