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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Materials >Additive Manufacturing of Metallic and Ceramic Components by the Material Extrusion of Highly-Filled Polymers: A Review and Future Perspectives
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Additive Manufacturing of Metallic and Ceramic Components by the Material Extrusion of Highly-Filled Polymers: A Review and Future Perspectives

机译：通过高填充聚合物的材料挤出来增材制造金属和陶瓷组件：回顾与未来展望

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摘要

Additive manufacturing (AM) is the fabrication of real three-dimensional objects from metals, ceramics, or plastics by adding material, usually as layers. There are several variants of AM; among them material extrusion (ME) is one of the most versatile and widely used. In MEAM, molten or viscous materials are pushed through an orifice and are selectively deposited as strands to form stacked layers and subsequently a three-dimensional object. The commonly used materials for MEAM are thermoplastic polymers and particulate composites; however, recently innovative formulations of highly-filled polymers (HP) with metals or ceramics have also been made available. MEAM with HP is an indirect process, which uses sacrificial polymeric binders to shape metallic and ceramic components. After removing the binder, the powder particles are fused together in a conventional sintering step. In this review the different types of MEAM techniques and relevant industrial approaches for the fabrication of metallic and ceramic components are described. The composition of certain HP binder systems and powders are presented; the methods of compounding and filament making HP are explained; the stages of shaping, debinding, and sintering are discussed; and finally a comparison of the parts produced via MEAM-HP with those produced via other manufacturing techniques is presented.
机译：增材制造（AM）是通过添加材料（通常是层）从金属，陶瓷或塑料制造真实的三维物体。 AM有几种变体。其中材料挤出（ME）是用途最广泛且用途最广泛的材料之一。在MEAM中，将熔融或粘性材料推过孔口，然后选择性地以股线形式沉积，以形成堆叠的层，然后形成三维物体。用于MEAM的常用材料是热塑性聚合物和颗粒状复合材料。但是，最近也出现了具有金属或陶瓷的高填充聚合物（HP）的创新配方。与HP的MEAM是一种间接过程，它使用牺牲性聚合物粘合剂来成型金属和陶瓷组件。除去粘合剂后，在常规的烧结步骤中将粉末颗粒熔合在一起。在这篇综述中，描述了用于制造金属和陶瓷部件的不同类型的MEAM技术和相关的工业方法。介绍了某些HP粘合剂系统和粉末的组成；解释了HP的复合和长丝制造方法；讨论了成形，脱脂和烧结的阶段；最后，将通过MEAM-HP生产的零件与通过其他制造技术生产的零件进行了比较。

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