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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Health Expectations : An International Journal of Public Participation in Health Care and Health Policy >Principles of distributive justice used by members of the general public in the allocation of donor liver grafts for transplantation: a qualitative study
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Principles of distributive justice used by members of the general public in the allocation of donor liver grafts for transplantation: a qualitative study

机译：公众在分配供体肝移植物时使用的分配正义原则：定性研究

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>Objective  To investigate the nature of public preferences in the allocation of donor liver grafts for transplantation. >Design  A qualitative study based upon the transcripts of four focus groups. >Setting  Derby, Derbyshire, UK. >Participants  Twenty‐two members of the public in the Derby locality, recruited to one of four focus groups through local community groups. >Main outcome measures  The views of focus group members as to the importance (or otherwise) of several potential discriminating factors which could be used in the prioritization of patients on the waiting list for liver transplantation were ascertained. The factors included were expected post‐transplant prognosis, the age of the patient, whether the patient was personally responsible for their illness, the time spent on the waiting list, re‐transplantation or primary transplant and the social background of the patient. >Results and conclusions  Group members explored the criteria from a number of perspectives, and made some unexpected linkages between the criteria and wider moral principles. They did not come to firm conclusions about the relative desirability of the criteria, but their approach was notably flexible and thoughtful, with the exception of a few instances where they appeared to resort to arguments based on what is ‘obvious’ and ‘natural’. The results of these discussions suggest that members of the public would be able and willing to respond positively to a more open and consultative system of donor liver prioritization than exists presently within the UK.
机译：>目的调查在分配供体肝移植物时公众偏好的性质。 >设计基于四个焦点小组的笔录进行的定性研究。 >设置，英国德比郡的德比。 >参与者：来自德比地区的22位公众成员通过本地社区团体被招募到四个焦点小组之一。 >主要结局指标 确定了焦点小组成员对于可用于肝移植等待名单中患者优先级排序的几种潜在区分因素的重要性（或其他方面）的观点。包括的因素包括预期的移植后预后，患者的年龄，患者是否对疾病负有个人责任，在等待名单上花费的时间，重新移植或初次移植的时间以及患者的社会背景。 >结果与结论：小组成员从多个角度探讨了标准，并在标准与更广泛的道德原则之间建立了一些意想不到的联系。他们没有就标准的相对合意性得出明确的结论，但是他们的方法非常灵活和周到，除了少数情况下，他们似乎诉诸于基于“显而易见”和“自然”的论点。这些讨论的结果表明，与英国目前相比，公众成员将能够并且愿意对更加开放和协商的捐助者肝脏优先次序体系做出积极反应。

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