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Saharan dust detection using multi-sensor satellite measurements

机译：使用多传感器卫星测量技术检测撒哈拉尘埃

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Contemporary scientists have vested interest in trying to understand the climatology of the North Atlantic Basin since this region is considered as the genesis for hurricane formation that eventually get shipped to the tropical Atlantic region and the Caribbean. The effects of atmospheric water cycle and the climate of West Africa and the Atlantic basin are hugely impacted by the radiative forcing of Saharan dust. The focus area in this paper would be to improve the dust detection schemes by employing the use of multi sensor measurements in the thermal emissive wavelengths using legacy sensors such as Terra (T) and Aqua (A) MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), fusing with Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). Previous work by Hao and Qu (2007) had considered a limited number of thermal infrared channels which led to a correlation coefficient R2 value of 0.765 between the Aerosol Optical Thickness (AOT) at 550 nm and the modeled dust index. In this work, we extend the thermal infrared based dust detection by employing additional channels: the 8.55 μm which has shown high sensitivity to the Saharan dust, along with water vapor channel of 7.1 μm and cloud top channel of 13.1 μm. Also, the dust pixels were clearly identified using the OMI based aerosol types. The dust pixels were cleanly segregated from the other aerosol types such as sulfates, biomass, and other carbonaceous aerosols. These improvements led to a much higher correlation coefficient R2 value of 0.85 between the modified dust index and the AOT in comparison to the previous work. The key limitations from the current AOT products based on MODIS and were put to test by validating the improved dust detection algorithm. Two improvements were noted. First, the dust measurement radiometry using MODIS is significantly improved by at least an order of 2. Second the spatial measurements are enhanced by a factor of at least 10.
机译：当代科学家对尝试了解北大西洋盆地的气候有着浓厚的兴趣，因为该地区被认为是飓风形成的成因，最终被运往热带大西洋地区和加勒比海地区。大气水循环以及西非和大西洋盆地气候的影响受到撒哈拉尘土辐射强迫的极大影响。本文的重点领域将是通过使用传统传感器（例如Terra（T）和Aqua（A）中等分辨率成像分光光度计（MODIS））在热发射波长中使用多传感器测量来改善灰尘检测方案，与臭氧监测仪（OMI）融合。 Hao和Qu（2007）的先前工作考虑了有限数量的热红外通道，这导致550 nm的气溶胶光学厚度（AOT）与模型之间的相关系数R 2 值为0.765。灰尘指数。在这项工作中，我们通过使用其他通道扩展了基于热红外的尘埃检测：8.55μm对撒哈拉尘埃具有高度敏感性，以及7.1μm的水蒸气通道和13.1μm的云顶通道。此外，使用基于OMI的气溶胶类型可以清楚地识别出灰尘像素。尘埃像素与其他气溶胶类型（例如硫酸盐，生物质和其他碳质气溶胶）完全隔离。与以前的工作相比，这些改进导致修改后的粉尘指数与AOT之间的相关系数R 2 值更高，为0.85。现有的基于MODIS的AOT产品的关键限制已通过验证改进的灰尘检测算法进行了测试。指出了两个改进。首先，使用MODIS的灰尘测量辐射度至少显着提高了2倍。其次，空间测量结果提高了至少10倍。

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