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Achieving sustainable agricultural production under farmer conditions in maize-gliricidia intercropping in Salima District central Malawi

机译：在马拉维中部萨利马区的玉米-稻草间作中实现农民条件下的可持续农业生产

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Smallholder farmers in Malawi are faced with limited options for climate smart agriculture that would restore soil fertility and increase maize yield. Ten plots of maize intercropped with Gliricidia sepium (MIG) and 10 traditional sole-maize (TSM) plots (0.2 ha each) were studied under farmer conditions from 2013/14 to 2017/18 in Salima District, central Malawi. The aim was to assess performance of MIG on soil fertility restoration and maize yield in degraded agricultural land. G. sepium trimmings were incorporated in MIG in October, January and September of every season. A total of 92 kg N ha-1 was applied in both treatments. Soil and maize yield measurements were done from 10 m x 10 ridges centre of each plot and a paired t-test in R Statistical Software was used for data analysis. Organic matter (p < 0.001) and nitrogen (p < 0.011) were significantly higher in MIG than in TSM while bulk density was significantly lower (p < 0.006) in MIG than in TSM. Higher maize yield was achieved in MIG (5.52 t/ha) than in TSM (1.48 t ha-1) (p < 0.001). Nonsignificant differences between MIG and TSM fields for potassium (p > 0.678) and phosphorus (p > 0.149) suggests that the nutrients were not affected by presence or absence of G. sepium and may not have contributed to differences in yields. Effective gestation period for maize-gliricidia intercropping was at least two years where significant maize yields were first achieved. The findings in MIG provide farmers with sustainable agricultural option for soil health renewal and maize yield increase in central Malawi.
机译：马拉维的小农户面临的气候智能农业的选择有限，这将恢复土壤肥力并增加玉米单产。在马拉维中部萨利马地区，从2013/14年至2017/18年，在农民的条件下，研究了十个种有玉米头孢霉（MIG）的玉米地块和十个传统的单一玉米（TSM）地块（每个0.2公顷）。目的是评估MIG在退化农业用地中恢复土壤肥力和玉米产量方面的表现。在每个季节的10月，1月和9月，MIG中都加入了G.在两种处理中总​​共施用了92 kg N ha-1。在每个样地的10 m x 10脊中心进行土壤和玉米产量测量，并使用R Statistics软件中的配对t检验进行数据分析。 MIG的有机质（p <0.001）和氮（p <0.011）显着高于TSM，而MIG的堆积密度显着更低（p <0.006）。 MIG（5.52 t / ha）的玉米产量高于TSM（1.48 t ha-1）（p <0.001）。 MIG和TSM田对钾（p> 0.678）和磷（p> 0.149）的差异不显着，表明营养物质不受G.sepium的存在或不存在的影响，并且可能不会导致产量差异。玉米-胶质间作的有效妊娠期至少为两年，这是首次实现了明显的玉米单产。 MIG的发现为农民提供了可持续的农业选择，以更新马拉维中部的土壤健康状况和增加玉米单产。

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