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Medical tourism and policy implications for health systems: a conceptual framework from a comparative study of Thailand Singapore and Malaysia

机译：医疗旅游业及其对卫生系统的政策影响：来自泰国新加坡和马来西亚的比较研究的概念框架

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摘要

Medical tourism is a growing phenomenon with policy implications for health systems, particularly of destination countries. Private actors and governments in Southeast Asia are promoting the medical tourist industry, but the potential impact on health systems, particularly in terms of equity in access and availability for local consumers, is unclear. This article presents a conceptual framework that outlines the policy implications of medical tourism's growth for health systems, drawing on the cases of Thailand, Singapore and Malaysia, three regional hubs for medical tourism, via an extensive review of academic and grey literature. Variables for further analysis of the potential impact of medical tourism on health systems are also identified. The framework can provide a basis for empirical, in country studies weighing the benefits and disadvantages of medical tourism for health systems. The policy implications described are of particular relevance for policymakers and industry practitioners in other Southeast Asian countries with similar health systems where governments have expressed interest in facilitating the growth of the medical tourist industry. This article calls for a universal definition of medical tourism and medical tourists to be enunciated, as well as concerted data collection efforts, to be undertaken prior to any meaningful empirical analysis of medical tourism's impact on health systems.
机译：医疗旅游业是一种日益增长的现象，对卫生系统，特别是目的地国家的卫生系统具有政策影响。东南亚的私人行为体和政府正在促进医疗旅游业的发展，但是尚不清楚对卫生系统的潜在影响，特别是在公平获取当地消费者的机会方面。本文提供了一个概念框架，通过对学术和灰色文献进行广泛回顾，以泰国，新加坡和马来西亚为例，这是三个区域的医疗旅游中心，概述了医疗旅游业的增长对卫生系统的政策含义。还确定了用于进一步分析医疗旅游业对卫生系统的潜在影响的变量。该框架可以为在国别研究中权衡医疗旅游对卫生系统的利弊提供经验基础。所描述的政策含义对其他东南亚国家（具有类似卫生系统）的政策制定者和行业从业者特别重要，在这些国家中，政府表示有兴趣促进医疗旅游业的发展。本文呼吁在对医疗旅游业对卫生系统的影响进行任何有意义的实证分析之前，先阐明医疗旅游业和医疗旅游者的统一定义，并进行一致的数据收集工作。

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