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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Genetics >The Genetics of the Dras3-Roughened-Ecdysoneless Chromosomal Region (62b3-4 to 62d3-4) in Drosophila Melanogaster: Analysis of Recessive Lethal Mutations
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The Genetics of the Dras3-Roughened-Ecdysoneless Chromosomal Region (62b3-4 to 62d3-4) in Drosophila Melanogaster: Analysis of Recessive Lethal Mutations

机译：果蝇Dras3粗化蜕皮激素无染色体区域（62b3-4至62d3-4）的遗传：隐性致命突变的分析。

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The genetic organization of interval 62B3-4 to 62D3-4 on the Drosophila third chromosome was investigated. The region (designated DRE) includes four known loci: Roughened (R; 3-1.4), defined by a dominant mutation disrupting eye morphology; the nonvital locus Aprt, structural gene for adenine phosphoribosyltranferase; Dras3, a homolog of the vertebrate ras oncogene; and l(3)ecdysoneless (l(3)ecd), a gene that has been implicated in the regulation of larval molting hormone (ecdysteroid) synthesis. Overlapping chromosomal deletions of the region were generated by γ-ray-induced reversion of the R mutation. Recessive lethal mutations were isolated based upon failure to complement the recessive lethality of Df(3L)R(R2), a deletion of the DRE region that removes 16-18 polytene chromosome bands. A total of 117 mutations were isolated following ethyl methanesulfonate and γ-ray mutagenesis. These and two additional mutations define 13 lethal complementation groups. Mutations at two loci were recovered at disproportionately high rates. One of these loci is preferentially sensitive to radiation-induced mutational alterations. Additionally, an unusually low recovery rate for cytologically detectable rearrangement breakpoints within the γ-ray-sensitive locus suggests that an interval of the DRE region closely linked to the R locus may be dominantly sensitive to position effects. Lethal phase analysis of mutant hemizygotes indicates that a high proportion of DRE-region loci (11 of 13) are necessary for larval development. Mutations in five loci cause predominantly first-instar larval lethality, while mutations in four other loci cause predominantly second-instar lethality. Mutations in two loci cause late-larval lethality associated with abnormal imaginal disc development. A temperature-sensitive allele of one newly identified complementation group blocks ecdysteroid-induced pupariation. This developmental block is overcome by dietary 20-hydroxyecdysone, suggesting that a second locus in the region in addition to l(3)ecd may play a role in the regulation of late larval ecdysteroid levels.
机译：研究了果蝇第三条染色体上间隔62B3-4至62D3-4的遗传组织。该区域（称为DRE）包括四个已知的基因座：粗糙（R; 3-1.4），由破坏眼睛形态的显性突变定义；非重要位点Aprt，腺嘌呤磷酸核糖基转移酶的结构基因； Dras3，脊椎动物ras癌基因的同源物； l（3）ecdysoneless（l（3）ecd），该基因与幼虫蜕皮激素（蜕皮类固醇）合成的调控有关。该区域的重叠染色体缺失是由γ射线诱导的R突变回复产生的。根据未能补充Df（3L）R（R2）的隐性杀伤力（隐性的DRE区域删除删除16-18个多聚体染色体带）来分离隐性的致死突变。甲烷磺酸乙酯和γ射线诱变后共分离出117个突变。这些和另外两个突变定义了13个致死性互补组。在两个基因座处的突变以极高的比例被回收。这些基因座之一优先对辐射诱导的突变改变敏感。此外，γ射线敏感基因座内细胞学上可检测到的重排断裂点的回收率异常低，这表明与R基因座紧密相连的DRE区的间隔可能对位置效应显着敏感。突变体半合子的致死期分析表明，高比例的DRE区域基因座（13个中的11个）对于幼体发育是必需的。在五个基因座中的突变主要引起第一龄幼虫致死性，而在其他四个基因座中的突变主要引起第二龄幼虫致死性。两个基因座的突变会导致幼虫致死率与假想椎间盘发育异常有关。一个新发现的互补组的温度敏感等位基因可阻断蜕皮类固醇诱导的心律失常。饮食中的20-羟基蜕皮酮可以克服这种发育障碍，这表明除l（3）ecd外，该区域的第二个基因座可能在后期幼虫蜕皮甾体水平的调节中起作用。

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