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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Genetics >The evolution of age-specific mortality rates in Drosophila melanogaster: genetic divergence among unselected lines.
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The evolution of age-specific mortality rates in Drosophila melanogaster: genetic divergence among unselected lines.

机译：果蝇的年龄特定死亡率的演变：未选定品系之间的遗传差异。

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摘要

Age-specific effects of spontaneous mutations on mortality rates in Drosophila are inferred from three large demographic experiments. Data were collected from inbred lines that were allowed to accumulate spontaneous mutations for 10, 19, and 47 generations. Estimates of age-specific mutational variance for mortality were based on data from all three experiments, totalling approximately 225,000 flies, using a model developed for genetic analysis of age-dependent traits (the character process model). Both within- and among-generation analyses suggest that the input of genetic variance is greater for early life mortality rates than for mortality at older ages. In females, age-specific mutational variances ranged over an order of magnitude from 5.96 x 10(-3) at 2 wk posteclosion to 0.02 x 10(-3) at 7 wk. The male data show a similar pattern. Age-specific genetic variances were substantially less at generation 47 than at generation 19-an unexplained observation that is likely due to block effects. Mutational correlations among mortality rates at different ages tend to increase with the accumulation of new mutations. Comparison of the mutation-accumulation lines at generations 19 and 47 with their respective control lines suggests little age-specific mutational bias.
机译：从三个大型人口统计学实验中可以推断出自发突变对果蝇死亡率的特定年龄影响。从自交系收集数据，这些自交系可以累积自发突变10、19和47代。使用针对年龄相关性状进行遗传分析的模型（性状过程模型），基于来自所有三个实验的数据（总计约225,000次蝇），对死亡率的年龄特定突变变异性进行了估算。代内和代间分析均表明，早期生命死亡率的遗传变异输入要比老年死亡率更高。在雌性中，特定年龄的突变方差范围从赎回后2周的5.96 x 10（-3）到7周的0.02 x 10（-3）数量级。男性数据显示出类似的模式。第47代的特定年龄遗传变异明显少于第19代，这是由于块效应可能导致的无法解释的观察结果。随着新突变的积累，不同年龄死亡率之间的突变相关性趋于增加。比较第19代和第47代的突变积累谱系与其各自的对照谱系，发现几乎没有特定年龄的突变偏见。

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