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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Genes >Genome-Wide Identification of PIFs in Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) and Their Transcriptional Analysis under Lighting/Shading Conditions
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Genome-Wide Identification of PIFs in Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) and Their Transcriptional Analysis under Lighting/Shading Conditions

机译：葡萄（Vitis vinifera L.）中PIF的全基因组鉴定及其在光照/遮光条件下的转录分析

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摘要

Phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs), as the basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) transcription factors, are the primary signaling partners for phytochromes (PHY) that play a key role in PHY-mediated light signal transduction. At present, there are few studies on PIFs in fruit trees. In order to clarify the status of PIFs in grapevines, we identified members of the grape PIFs family and conducted phylogenetic and expression analysis. We identified PIF1, PIF3, PIF4, and PIF7 in PIFs families of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), which were distributed on four different chromosomes with similar gene structures. Except for the closer relationship with PIF1 of citrus, PIFs of grape were distant from the other fruit species such as apple, pear, peach, and strawberry. The VvPIFs (except VvPIF4) were located in the syntenic block with those from Arabidopsis thaliana, Solanum lycopersicum, or Citrus sinensis. In addition to PIF1, all PIFs in grapevines have conserved active PHYB binding (APB) sequences. VvPIF1 has a conserved PIF1-specific active PHYA binding (APA) sequence, while amino acid mutations occurred in the specific APA sequence in VvPIF3. Interestingly, two specific motifs were found in the PIF4 amino acid sequence. The photoreceptor-related elements in the VvPIFs promoter region were the most abundant. PIF1, LONG HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5) and PIF3, PIF4, GIBBERELLIC ACID INSENSITIVE 1 (GAI1) may interact with each other and participate together in light signal transduction. The relative expression levels of the VvPIFs showed diverse patterns in the various organs at different developmental stages, of which PIF4 was most highly expressed. Prior to maturation, the expression of PIF4 and PIF7 in the skin of the different cultivars increased, while the expression of all PIFs in the flesh decreased. The transcription level of PIFs in grape leaves was sensitive to changes in lighting and shading. Shading treatment was beneficial for enhancing the transcription level of VvPIFs, but the effect on VvPIF3 and VvPIF4 was time-controlled. We concluded that PIFs in grapevines are both conservative and species-specific. The identification and analysis of grape PIFs could provide a theoretical foundation for the further construction of grape light regulation networks.
机译：作为基本的螺旋-环-螺旋（bHLH）转录因子，植物色素相互作用因子（PIF）是植物色素（PHY）的主要信号传递伙伴，在PHY介导的光信号转导中起关键作用。目前，关于果树中PIF的研究很少。为了阐明葡萄藤中PIF的状态，我们鉴定了葡萄PIF家族的成员，并进行了系统发育和表达分析。我们在葡萄（Vitis vinifera L.）的PIFs家族中鉴定了PIF1，PIF3，PIF4和PIF7，它们分布在具有相似基因结构的四个不同染色体上。除了与柑橘的PIF1密切相关外，葡萄的PIF与其他​​水果种类（如苹果，梨，桃和草莓）相距遥远。 VvPIFs（VvPIF4除外）与拟南芥，茄果或柑桔类的VvPIFs位于同系块中。除了PIF1，葡萄树中的所有PIF都具有保守的活性PHYB结合（APB）序列。 VvPIF1具有保守的PIF1特异性活性PHYA结合（APA）序列，而氨基酸突变发生在VvPIF3的特定APA序列中。有趣的是，在PIF4氨基酸序列中发现了两个特定的基序。 VvPIFs启动子区域中与感光受体相关的元素最多。 PIF1，长质子代5（HY5）和PIF3，PIF4，赤霉素1（GAI1）可能彼此相互作用并共同参与光信号转导。 VvPIFs的相对表达水平在不同发育阶段的各个器官中表现出不同的模式，其中PIF4的表达最高。在成熟之前，不同品种的皮肤中PIF4和PIF7的表达增加，而肉中所有PIF的表达减少。葡萄叶片中PIF的转录水平对光照和阴影的变化敏感。遮光处理有利于提高VvPIFs的转录水平，但对VvPIF3和 VvPIF4 的影响是受时间控制的。我们得出的结论是，葡萄树中的PIF既是保守的又是特定物种的。葡萄PIF的鉴定和分析可为进一步构建葡萄调光网络提供理论依据。

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