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Bolshevik Disease and Stalinist Terror: On the Historical Casuistry of Artificial Pneumothorax

机译:布尔什维克病和斯大林恐怖症:关于人工气胸的历史遗迹

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摘要

From its initial development by Carlo Forlanini at the end of the nineteenth century until the advent of antibiotics in the 1940s, artificial pneumothorax was one of the most widely used treatments for pulmonary tuberculosis. However, there were strongly held reservations about this therapy because of its risks and side effects. In the Soviet Union under Stalin, such uncertainties became instruments of political denunciation. The leading Soviet pulmonary physician Volf S. Kholtsman (1886–1941) was alleged to have used the so-called ‘aristocratic therapy’ of artificial pneumothorax to kill prominent Bolsheviks. Drawing on documents from Stalin’s personal Secretariat, this historical study of the pneumothorax scandal contributes to the cultural history of tuberculosis, showing how it was instrumentalised for political purposes.
机译:从19世纪末由Carlo Forlanini最初开发到1940年代抗生素问世,人工气胸已成为肺结核治疗中使用最广泛的治疗方法之一。但是,由于这种疗法的风险和副作用,人们对此持强烈保留态度。在斯大林领导下的苏联,这种不确定性成为政治谴责的手段。据称,苏联领先的肺部医师沃尔夫·S·霍尔茨曼(Volf S. Kholtsman,1886–1941年)使用所谓的人工气胸“贵族疗法”杀死了著名的布尔什维克。这项关于气胸丑闻的历史研究借鉴了斯大林个人秘书处的文件,对结核病的文化历史做出了贡献,表明了它是如何被用于政治目的的。

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