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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Frontiers in Public Health >Is Educating Girls the Best Investment for South Asia? Association Between Female Education and Fertility Choices in South Asia: A Systematic Review of the Literature
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Is Educating Girls the Best Investment for South Asia? Association Between Female Education and Fertility Choices in South Asia: A Systematic Review of the Literature

机译：教育女孩是南亚最好的投资吗？南亚女性教育与生育选择之间的关联：文献综述

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>Background: Universal education is a key strategy to enhance the well-being of individuals and improve the economic and social development of societies. A large proportion of school-aged girls in developing countries are not attending schools. Approximately one-third of South Asian girls do not attend school and in some regions only one in four girls attend primary school. Eliminating gender disparities in school attendance may lead to improvements in female education and reproductive health.>Objectives: To conduct a systematic review of the available data from international organizations and regional registries to explore the association between female education and fertility choices in South Asia.>Methods: Systematic review and synthesis of secondary data.>Data sources: MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, World Health Organization, World Bank, United Nations Population Fund, Millennium Development Goals, Institute of Health Management, World Fact book, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and regional registries were searched for papers published between 1970 and October 2016 and the included papers contained data from 1960.>Study eligibility criteria and data abstraction process: Studies were included if they contained data on (i) female education and/or literacy levels in South Asia; and (ii) fertility behavior in South Asian females. Quality of the included studies and extracted data were assessed by two independent reviewers.>Results: According to the World Bank report in 2016, the female literacy rate in South Asia has increased from 45.5% in 2000 to 57.0% in 2010 while a decreased trend of total fertility rate (i.e., number of children born per woman) was observed from 6.0 in 1960 to 2.6 in 2014.>Limitations: Only studies in English were included.>Conclusion: A negative relationship seems to exist between levels of literacy and total fertility rates in South Asian females which if further improved may contribute to longer-term improvements in maternal and child health.
机译：>背景：普及教育是一项重要战略，可以提高个人的福祉并改善社会的经济和社会发展。发展中国家很大一部分学龄女孩没有上学。大约三分之一的南亚女孩没有上学，在某些地区，只有四分之一的女孩上小学。消除入学率上的性别差异可能会改善女性教育和生殖健康。>目标：对国际组织和地区登记处的可用数据进行系统的审查，以探索女性教育与生育率之间的关联>方法：对次要数据的系统审查和综合。>数据来源： MEDLINE，Embase，Google Scholar，世界卫生组织，世界银行，联合国人口基金搜索《千年发展目标》，卫生管理研究所，《世界概况》，美国疾病控制和预防中心以及地区注册机构，以查找1970年至2016年10月之间发表的论文，其中包含的论文包含1960年的数据。>研究入选标准和数据抽象过程：如果研究中包含（i）女性教育和/或识字水平i n南亚； （ii）南亚女性的生育行为。纳入的研究的质量和提取的数据由两名独立的评审人员进行了评估。>结果：根据世界银行2016年的报告，南亚的女性识字率已从2000年的45.5％提高到57.0％在2010年，总生育率（即每名妇女生育的子女数）从1960年的6.0下降到2014年的2.6。>局限性：仅包括英语研究。>结论：南亚女性识字率与总生育率之间似乎存在负相关关系，如果进一步改善，可能有助于长期改善母婴健康。

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