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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Frontiers in Oncology >Human Leukocyte Antigens and Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Old Associations Offer New Clues into the Role of Immunity in Infection-Associated Cancers
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Human Leukocyte Antigens and Epstein–Barr Virus-Associated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Old Associations Offer New Clues into the Role of Immunity in Infection-Associated Cancers

机译：人类白细胞抗原和爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒相关的鼻咽癌：古老的协会提供了新的线索阐明了免疫在感染相关的癌症中的作用

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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) associated tumor. In addition to EBV, host genetic factors are believed to be important determinants of NPC risk. Of all genes studies to date, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes have shown the most consistent evidence for association with NPC, both from candidate-gene studies and genome-wide association studies (GWAS). In this report we summarize results from recent studies that evaluated the association between HLA and NPC, and discuss whether findings reflect direct causal associations for HLA genes and/or indirect associations that mark causal associations with other genes in the gene-dense major histocompatibility (MHC) region where HLA resides. We also compare GWAS results across cancer sites for which strong hits in the MHC region were observed to generate new hypotheses regarding the role of HLA genes in the development of EBV-associated cancers such as NPC. Of note, we report that MHC associations for EBV-associated cancers (NPC, EBV+ Hodgkin lymphoma) are driven by HLA class I genes. In contrast, MHC associations for other viral-associated cancers (cervical cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma) or other hematopoetic cancers (EBV− Hodgkin lymphoma, leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphomas) are driven by HLA class II genes, and those for other solid tumors with less clear links to infections (lung, testicular, prostate cancers) are driven by non-HLA genes in the MHC region. Future studies should aim to better understand these patterns.
机译：鼻咽癌（NPC）是爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）相关的肿瘤。除EBV外，宿主遗传因素被认为是NPC风险的重要决定因素。在迄今为止的所有基因研究中，无论是候选基因研究还是全基因组关联研究，人类白细胞抗原（HLA）基因均显示出与NPC关联最一致的证据。在本报告中，我们总结了近期研究的结果，这些研究评估了HLA与NPC之间的关联，并讨论了发现是否反映了HLA基因的直接因果关联和/或标记了与基因密集的主要组织相容性（MHC）中其他基因的因果关联的间接关联。 ）HLA所在的区域。我们还比较了在MHC区域受到强烈打击的癌症部位的GWAS结果，从而产生了有关HLA基因在与EBV相关的癌症（例如NPC）发展中的作用的新假设。值得注意的是，我们报道了与EBV相关的癌症（NPC，EBV +霍奇金淋巴瘤）的MHC关联是由HLA I类基因驱动的。相比之下，MHC与其他病毒相关癌（宫颈癌，肝细胞癌）或其他造血癌（EBV-霍奇金淋巴瘤，白血病，非霍奇金淋巴瘤）的相关性由HLA II类基因驱动，而其他实体瘤具有MHC区域中的非HLA基因驱动着与感染（肺癌，睾丸癌，前列腺癌）的联系不清楚。未来的研究应旨在更好地理解这些模式。

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