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STDP and STDP variations with memristors for spiking neuromorphic learning systems

机译:带有忆阻器的STDP和STDP变体用于增强神经形态学习系统

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摘要

In this paper we review several ways of realizing asynchronous Spike-Timing-Dependent-Plasticity (STDP) using memristors as synapses. Our focus is on how to use individual memristors to implement synaptic weight multiplications, in a way such that it is not necessary to (a) introduce global synchronization and (b) to separate memristor learning phases from memristor performing phases. In the approaches described, neurons fire spikes asynchronously when they wish and memristive synapses perform computation and learn at their own pace, as it happens in biological neural systems. We distinguish between two different memristor physics, depending on whether they respond to the original “moving wall” or to the “filament creation and annihilation” models. Independent of the memristor physics, we discuss two different types of STDP rules that can be implemented with memristors: either the pure timing-based rule that takes into account the arrival time of the spikes from the pre- and the post-synaptic neurons, or a hybrid rule that takes into account only the timing of pre-synaptic spikes and the membrane potential and other state variables of the post-synaptic neuron. We show how to implement these rules in cross-bar architectures that comprise massive arrays of memristors, and we discuss applications for artificial vision.
机译:在本文中,我们回顾了使用忆阻器作为突触来实现异步峰值依赖时序可塑性(STDP)的几种方法。我们的重点是如何使用单个忆阻器来实现突触权重乘法,从而无需(a)引入全局同步和(b)将忆阻器学习阶段与忆阻器执行阶段分开。在所描述的方法中,神经元在希望时会异步发出尖峰,而忆阻突触则按照自己的步调执行计算和学习,就像在生物神经系统中发生的那样。我们将区分两种不同的忆阻器物理场,具体取决于它们是响应原始的“移动壁”还是响应“细丝创建和hil灭”模型。独立于忆阻器物理,我们讨论可以用忆阻器实现的两种不同类型的STDP规则:或者是基于纯时序的规则,其中考虑了突触前和突触后神经元的尖峰到达时间,或者混合规则,仅考虑突触前突波的时间以及膜电位和突触后神经元的其他状态变量。我们展示了如何在包含大量忆阻器的交叉开关架构中实现这些规则,并讨论了人工视觉的应用。

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