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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Frontiers in Microbiology >Microbial diversity and community structure across environmental gradients in Bransfield Strait Western Antarctic Peninsula
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Microbial diversity and community structure across environmental gradients in Bransfield Strait Western Antarctic Peninsula

机译：南极半岛布兰斯菲尔德海峡跨环境梯度的微生物多样性和群落结构

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The Southern Ocean is currently subject to intense investigations, mainly related to its importance for global biogeochemical cycles and its alarming rate of warming in response to climate change. Microbes play an essential role in the functioning of this ecosystem and are the main drivers of the biogeochemical cycling of elements. Yet, the diversity and abundance of microorganisms in this system remain poorly studied, in particular with regards to changes along environmental gradients. Here, we used amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA gene tags using primers covering both Bacteria and Archaea to assess the composition and diversity of the microbial communities from four sampling depths (surface, the maximum and minimum of the oxygen concentration, and near the seafloor) at 10 oceanographic stations located in Bransfield Strait [northwest of the Antarctic Peninsula (AP)] and near the sea ice edge (north of the AP). Samples collected near the seafloor and at the oxygen minimum exhibited a higher diversity than those from the surface and oxygen maximum for both bacterial and archaeal communities. The main taxonomic groups identified below 100 m were Thaumarchaeota, Euryarchaeota and Proteobacteria (Gamma-, Delta-, Beta-, and Alphaproteobacteria), whereas in the mixed layer above 100 m Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria (mainly Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria) were found to be dominant. A combination of environmental factors seems to influence the microbial community composition. Our results help to understand how the dynamic seascape of the Southern Ocean shapes the microbial community composition and set a baseline for upcoming studies to evaluate the response of this ecosystem to future changes.
机译：目前，南大洋正受到广泛调查，这主要与南大洋对全球生物地球化学循环的重要性以及其对气候变化的惊人升温速度有关。微生物在该生态系统的功能中起着至关重要的作用，是元素生物地球化学循环的主要驱动力。然而，该系统中微生物的多样性和丰富性仍然研究不足，尤其是沿环境梯度的变化方面。在这里，我们使用覆盖细菌和古细菌的引物对16S rRNA基因标签进行了扩增子测序，以从以下四个采样深度（表面，氧气浓度的最大和最小，以及海底附近）评估微生物群落的组成和多样性。位于布兰斯菲尔德海峡[南极半岛（AP）的西北部]和靠近海冰边缘（AP的北部）的10个海洋站。对于细菌和古细菌群落，在海底附近和最低氧水平下采集的样品比在表面和最高氧水平下采集的样品具有更高的多样性。在100 m以下识别出的主要分类群是Thaumarchaeota，Euryarchaeota和Proteobacteria（γ-，Delta-，Beta和Alphaproteobacteria），而在100 m以上的混合层中，拟杆菌和Proteobacteria（主要是Alpha和Gammaproteobacteria）是优势。环境因素的组合似乎会影响微生物群落的组成。我们的结果有助于了解南大洋的动态海景如何塑造微生物群落组成，并为即将开展的评估该生态系统对未来变化的响应的研究奠定基准。

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