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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience >Exploring the Role of Low Level Visual Processing in Letter–Speech Sound Integration: A Visual MMN Study
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Exploring the Role of Low Level Visual Processing in Letter–Speech Sound Integration: A Visual MMN Study

机译：探索低级视觉处理在字母语音合成中的作用：视觉MMN研究

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In contrast with for example audiovisual speech, the relation between visual and auditory properties of letters and speech sounds is artificial and learned only by explicit instruction. The arbitrariness of the audiovisual link together with the widespread usage of letter–speech sound pairs in alphabetic languages makes those audiovisual objects a unique subject for crossmodal research. Brain imaging evidence has indicated that heteromodal areas in superior temporal, as well as modality-specific auditory cortex are involved in letter–speech sound processing. The role of low level visual areas, however, remains unclear. In this study the visual counterpart of the auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) is used to investigate the influences of speech sounds on letter processing. Letter and non-letter deviants were infrequently presented in a train of standard letters, either in isolation or simultaneously with speech sounds. Although previous findings showed that letters systematically modulate speech sound processing (reflected by auditory MMN amplitude modulation), the reverse does not seem to hold: our results did not show evidence for an automatic influence of speech sounds on letter processing (no visual MMN amplitude modulation). This apparent asymmetric recruitment of low level sensory cortices during letter–speech sound processing, contrasts with the symmetric involvement of these cortices in audiovisual speech processing, and is possibly due to the arbitrary nature of the link between letters and speech sounds.
机译：与例如视听语音相反，字母和语音的视觉和听觉特性之间的关系是人为的，并且仅通过明确的指示来学习。视听链接的任意性，以及字母语言中的字母语音对的广泛使用，使这些视听对象成为跨模式研究的独特主题。脑影像学证据表明，颞上叶的异峰区域以及特定于情态的听觉皮层参与了字母语音处理。然而，低水平视觉区域的作用仍然不清楚。在这项研究中，听觉失配否定性（MMN）的视觉对应物用于研究语音对字母处理的影响。字母和非字母的偏差很少出现在一系列标准字母中，孤立出现或与语音同时出现。尽管以前的发现表明字母可以系统地调节语音处理（听觉MMN幅度调制所反映），但事实似乎并非如此：我们的结果并未显示语音自动地对字母处理产生影响的证据（无视觉MMN幅度调制）。字母语音转换过程中低级感觉皮层的这种明显不对称补充，与这些皮层对称参与视听语音处理形成对比，这可能是由于字母和语音之间的联系具有任意性所致。

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