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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Frontiers in Human Neuroscience >Young and Middle-Aged Schoolteachers Differ in the Neural Correlates of Memory Encoding and Cognitive Fatigue: A Functional MRI Study
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Young and Middle-Aged Schoolteachers Differ in the Neural Correlates of Memory Encoding and Cognitive Fatigue: A Functional MRI Study

机译：中青年教师在记忆编码和认知疲劳的神经相关性方面存在差异：功能性MRI研究

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This investigation was inspired by growing evidence that middle-aged persons in a cognitively demanding profession might be characterized by subtle cognitive fatigue. We studied young and middle-aged male schoolteachers. They were compared in a study with functional magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate differences during successful memory encoding. The schoolteachers were additionally subjected to an induced fatigue condition involving the sustained performance of cognitively demanding tasks and to a control condition. Results showed age-related brain activation differences underlying behavioral performance including: (1) greater activation in middle-aged vs. young teachers in bilateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) areas; and (2) differential fatigue effects in the left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) depending on age group. Middle-aged schoolteachers showed decreased ACC activation in the fatigue compared to the control condition, whereas no change in activation was found in young teachers. Findings demonstrate age effects in these middle-aged subjects that are typically found in older adults, specifically in PFC over-activation. Findings also indicate that already in middle age cognitive aging may be associated with greater resource depletion following sustained task performance. The findings underscore the notion that persons in a cognitively demanding profession can experience subtle age effects, which are evident on fMRI and which impact daily functioning. Possible practical implications for middle-aged schoolteachers are discussed.
机译：这项研究受到越来越多的证据的启发，这些证据表明，对认知有严格要求的职业中的中年人可能具有微妙的认知疲劳。我们研究了中青年男老师。在一项功能磁共振成像研究中将它们进行了比较，以评估成功的记忆编码过程中的差异。另外，使学校教师遭受了诱发的疲劳状况，其中包括持续执行认知要求较高的任务和控制状况。结果显示，与行为相关的年龄相关的大脑激活差异包括：（1）中年教师与年轻教师在双边前额叶皮层（PFC）区域的激活程度更高； （2）左前扣带回皮质（ACC）的不同疲劳程度，取决于年龄组。与对照组相比，中年教师在疲劳中显示出ACC激活降低，而在年轻教师中未发现激活变化。研究结果表明，这些中年受试者的年龄影响通常在老年人中出现，特别是在PFC过度激活中。研究结果还表明，已经处于中年的认知衰老可能与持续的任务执行后更大的资源消耗有关。该发现强调了一个观念，即对认知有严格要求的行业的人会经历细微的年龄影响，这在功能磁共振成像中很明显，并且会影响日常功能。讨论了对中年教师的可能的实际影响。

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