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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Frontiers in Human Neuroscience >Restructuring consciousness –the psychedelic state in light of integrated information theory
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Restructuring consciousness –the psychedelic state in light of integrated information theory

机译：重构意识-综合信息论视角下的迷幻状态

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The psychological state elicited by the classic psychedelics drugs, such as LSD and psilocybin, is one of the most fascinating and yet least understood states of consciousness. However, with the advent of modern functional neuroimaging techniques, the effect of these drugs on neural activity is now being revealed, although many of the varied phenomenological features of the psychedelic state remain challenging to explain. Integrated information theory (IIT) is one of the foremost contemporary theories of consciousness, providing a mathematical formalization of both the quantity and quality of conscious experience. This theory can be applied to all known states of consciousness, including the psychedelic state. Using the results of functional neuroimaging data on the psychedelic state, the effects of psychedelic drugs on both the level and structure of consciousness can be explained in terms of the conceptual framework of IIT. This new IIT-based model of the psychedelic state provides an explanation for many of its phenomenological features, including unconstrained cognition, alterations in the structure and meaning of concepts and a sense of expanded awareness. This model also suggests that whilst cognitive flexibility, creativity, and imagination are enhanced during the psychedelic state, this occurs at the expense of cause-effect information, as well as degrading the brain's ability to organize, categorize, and differentiate the constituents of conscious experience. Furthermore, the model generates specific predictions that can be tested using a combination of functional imaging techniques, as has been applied to the study of levels of consciousness during anesthesia and following brain injury.
机译：经典迷幻药（例如LSD和psilocybin）引起的心理状态是最令人着迷但知之甚少的意识状态之一。然而，随着现代功能性神经影像技术的出现，尽管迷幻状态的许多现象学特征仍然难以解释，但这些药物对神经活动的作用现已被揭示。集成信息理论（IIT）是当代最重要的意识理论之一，提供了意识体验的数量和质量的数学形式化。该理论可以应用于所有已知的意识状态，包括迷幻状态。使用有关迷幻状态的功能性神经影像数据的结果，可以根据IIT的概念框架来解释迷幻药物对意识水平和结构的影响。这种基于IIT的迷幻状态新模型为它的许多现象学特征提供了解释，包括不受约束的认知，概念的结构和含义的改变以及意识的增强。该模型还表明，尽管在迷幻状态下认知灵活性，创造力和想象力得到了增强，但这是以因果信息为代价的，并且降低了大脑组织，分类和区分意识体验组成部分的能力。 。此外，该模型还可以生成特定的预测，可以使用功能成像技术的组合进行测试，这些预测已应用于麻醉期间和脑损伤后意识水平的研究。

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