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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Frontiers in Human Neuroscience >Investigating Multiple Streams of Consciousness: Using Descriptive Experience Sampling to Explore Internally and Externally Directed Streams of Thought
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Investigating Multiple Streams of Consciousness: Using Descriptive Experience Sampling to Explore Internally and Externally Directed Streams of Thought

机译：研究多种意识流：使用描述性经验抽样来探索内部和外部指导的思想流

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Research into resting-state cognition has often struggled with the challenge of assessing inner experience in the resting state. We employed Descriptive Experience Sampling (DES), a method aimed at generating detailed and high-fidelity descriptions of experience, to investigate how experience in the resting state can vary between internal, external, and multiple simultaneous streams. Using a large body of experiential and brain activation data acquired from five DES participants, independent raters classified sampled moments of experience according to whether they were internally directed, externally directed, or contained elements of both at the same time. In line with existing models, comparison of internal with external experience samples identified a network of regions associated with the default mode network. Regions of interest resulting from the whole-brain contrasts successfully predicted independent raters’ forced-choice categorizations of samples for which experience had a simultaneous internal and external focus. The present study is distinctive in tying neural activations in the resting state to detailed descriptions of specific phenomenology, and in demonstrating how the DES method enables a particularly nuanced analysis of moments of experience, especially their ability simultaneously to incorporate both an internal and an external focus. The study represents an integration of rich phenomenology and characterizations of brain activity, tracing interpretive paths from phenomenology to neural activation and vice versa.
机译：对静息状态认知的研究常常与评估静息状态下的内在体验的挑战息息相关。我们采用了描述性经验采样（DES），该方法旨在生成详细的和高保真的体验描述，以研究静止状态下的体验如何在内部，外部和多个同时流之间变化。独立评估者使用从五位DES参与者那里获得的大量实验和大脑激活数据，根据他们是内部指向，外部指向还是同时包含两者的要素，对采样的瞬间进行了分类。与现有模型一致，内部和外部体验样本的比较确定了与默认模式网络关联的区域网络。全脑对比度产生的感兴趣区域成功地预测了独立评估者对样本的强制选择分类，这些样本的经验同时具有内部和外部重点。本研究的独特之处在于将静止状态下的神经激活与特定现象学的详细描述联系在一起，并展示了DES方法如何能够对经历的瞬间进行特别细微的分析，尤其是它们同时融合内部和外部焦点的能力。这项研究代表了丰富的现象学与大脑活动特征的整合，追踪了从现象学到神经激活的解释路径，反之亦然。

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