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Molecular structure of the ParM polymer and the mechanism leading to its nucleotide-driven dynamic instability

机译:ParM聚合物的分子结构及其导致核苷酸驱动的动态不稳定性的机理

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摘要

ParM is a prokaryotic actin homologue, which ensures even plasmid segregation before bacterial cell division. In vivo, ParM forms a labile filament bundle that is reminiscent of the more complex spindle formed by microtubules partitioning chromosomes in eukaryotic cells. However, little is known about the underlying structural mechanism of DNA segregation by ParM filaments and the accompanying dynamic instability. Our biochemical, TIRF microscopy and high-pressure SAX observations indicate that polymerization and disintegration of ParM filaments is driven by GTP rather than ATP and that ParM acts as a GTP-driven molecular switch similar to a G protein. Image analysis of electron micrographs reveals that the ParM filament is a left-handed helix, opposed to the right-handed actin polymer. Nevertheless, the intersubunit contacts are similar to those of actin. Our atomic model of the ParM-GMPPNP filament, which also fits well to X-ray fibre diffraction patterns from oriented gels, can explain why after nucleotide release, large conformational changes of the protomer lead to a breakage of intra- and interstrand interactions, and thus to the observed disintegration of the ParM filament after DNA segregation.
机译:ParM是原核肌动蛋白的同源物,可确保在细菌细胞分裂之前均匀分离质粒。在体内,ParM形成不稳定的细丝束,使人想起由真核细胞中分配染色体的微管形成的更复杂的纺锤体。但是,关于ParM细丝进行DNA分离的基本结构机理及其伴随的动态不稳定性知之甚少。我们的生物化学,TIRF显微镜和高压SAX观察表明,ParM细丝的聚合和分解是由GTP而不是ATP驱动的,并且ParM类似于G蛋白,是由GTP驱动的分子开关。电子显微照片的图像分析显示,ParM灯丝是左旋螺旋,与右旋肌动蛋白聚合物相反。然而,亚单位间的接触类似于肌动蛋白。我们的ParM-GMPPNP细丝的原子模型也很适合定向凝胶的X射线纤维衍射图,可以解释为什么核苷酸释放后,前体的大构象变化会导致链内和链间相互作用破裂,以及因此可以观察到DNA分离后ParM细丝的分解。

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