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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Environmental Health Perspectives >Health effects of gasoline exposure. II. Mortality patterns of distribution workers in the United States.
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Health effects of gasoline exposure. II. Mortality patterns of distribution workers in the United States.

机译：汽油暴露对健康的影响。二。美国配送人员的死亡率模式。

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In this study, the cohort consisted of 18,135 distribution employees with potential exposure to gasoline for at least one year at land-based terminals (n = 9,026) or on marine vessels (n = 9,109) between 1946 and 1985. The primary objective of the study was to determine the relationship, if any, between exposure to gasoline and mortality from kidney cancer or leukemia. In addition, other causes of death of secondary interest included multiple myeloma and heart diseases. The mortality of the cohort was observed through June 30, 1989. The results of this study indicated that there was no increased mortality from either kidney cancer or leukemia among marketing and marine distribution employees who were exposed to gasoline in the petroleum industry when compared to the general population. Among the land-based terminal employees, the kidney cancer standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was 65.4 (12 deaths) and leukemia SMR was 89.1 (27 deaths). For the marine cohort, the SMRs were 83.7 for kidney cancer (12 deaths) and 70.0 for leukemia (16 deaths), respectively. More importantly, based on internal comparisons, there was no association between mortality from kidney cancer or leukemia and various indices of gasoline exposure. In particular, neither duration of employment, duration of exposure, age at first exposure, year of first of exposure, job category, cumulative exposure, frequency of peak exposures, nor average intensity of exposure had any effect on kidney cancer or leukemia mortality. For acute myeloid leukemia, a nonsignificant mortality increase was found in land-based terminal employees (SMR = 150.5, 13 deaths), but no trend was detected when the data were analyzed by various gasoline exposure indices. This nonsignificant excess was limited to land-based terminal employees hired before 1948. On the other hand, a deficit of mortality from acute myeloid leukemia was observed among marine employees (SMR = 74.2, 5 deaths). For the two cohorts combined, SMR for acute myeloid leukemia was 117.1 based on 18 deaths. We did not find any relationship in our study between gasoline exposure and mortality from multiple myeloma or heart diseases. In general, we did not find any significantly increased mortality, either overall or from specific causes, associated with gasoline exposure in this study of marketing and marine distribution employees.
机译：在这项研究中，该队列由18,135名分销员工组成，他们在1946年至1985年期间在陆上码头（n = 9,026）或在海上船舶（n = 9,109）上可能接触汽油至少一年。这项研究旨在确定接触汽油与肾癌或白血病死亡率之间的关系（如果有）。此外，引起次要关注的其他死亡原因包括多发性骨髓瘤和心脏病。观察到该队列的死亡率，直到1989年6月30日。该研究的结果表明，与石油行业相比，在石油行业中接触过汽油的市场营销和海洋分销雇员的肾癌或白血病死亡率没有增加。总人口。在陆基码头员工中，肾癌标准化死亡率（SMR）为65.4（12例死亡），白血病SMR为89.1（27例死亡）。对于海洋队列，针对肾癌的SMR分别为83.7（12例死亡）和70.0白血病（16例死亡）。更重要的是，根据内部比较，肾癌或白血病的死亡率与各种汽油暴露指数之间没有关联。特别是，工作时间，接触时间，第一次接触的年龄，接触的第一年，工作类别，累积接触，接触高峰的频率以及平均接触强度均不会对肾癌或白血病死亡率产生任何影响。对于急性髓细胞性白血病，陆上码头员工的死亡率没有显着增加（SMR = 150.5，有13人死亡），但通过各种汽油暴露指数分析数据时，未发现趋势。这种无足轻重的超限仅限于1948年之前雇用的陆上码头工人。另一方面，在海上雇员中，急性髓细胞性白血病的死亡率却有所下降（SMR = 74.2，5例死亡）。对于这两个队列，基于18例死亡的急性髓细胞性白血病的SMR为117.1。在我们的研究中，我们没有发现汽油暴露与多发性骨髓瘤或心脏病的死亡率之间有任何关系。总的来说，在这项针对营销和海运分销员工的研究中，我们没有发现与汽油暴露相关的整体或特定原因的死亡率显着增加。

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