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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Environmental Health Perspectives >Mortality among the residents of the Three Mile Island accident area: 1979-1992.
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Mortality among the residents of the Three Mile Island accident area: 1979-1992.

机译：三哩岛事故地区居民的死亡率：1979-1992年。

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The largest U.S. population exposed to low-level radioactivity released by an accident at a nuclear power plant is composed of residents near the Three Mile Island (TMI) Plant on 28 March 1979. This paper (a collaboration of The University of Pittsburgh and the Pennsylvania Department of Health) reports on the mortality experience of the 32,135 members in this cohort for 1979-1992. We analyzed standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) using a local comparison population and performed relative risk regression modeling to assess overall mortality and specific cancer risks by confounding factors and radiation-related exposure variables. Total mortality was significantly elevated for both men and women (SMRs = 109 and 118, respectively). All heart disease accounted for 43.3% of total deaths and demonstrated elevated SMRs for heart disease of 113 and 130 for men and women, respectively; however, when controlling for confounders and natural background radiation, these elevations in heart disease were no longer evident. Overall cancer mortality was similar in this cohort as compared to the local population (male SMR = 100; female SMR = 101). In the relative risk modeling, there was a significant effect for all lymphatic and hematopoietic tissue in males in relation to natural background exposure (p = 0.04). However, no trend was noted. We found a significant linear trend for female breast cancer risk in relation to increasing levels of TMI-related likely [gamma]-exposure (p = 0.02). Although such a relationship has been noted in other investigations, emissions from the TMI incident were significantly lower than in other documented studies. Therefore, it is unlikely that this observed increase is related to radiation exposure on the day of the accident. The mortality surveillance of this cohort does not provide consistent evidence that radioactivity released during the TMI accident has a significant impact on the mortality experience of this cohort to date. However, continued follow-up of these individuals will provide a more comprehensive description of the morbidity and mortality experience of the cohort.
机译：1979年3月28日，美国三核岛（TMI）电厂附近的居民组成了美国最大的因核电站事故而暴露于低放射性的人口。本文（匹兹堡大学与宾夕法尼亚大学合作）卫生部）报告了该队列中1979-1992年间32,135名成员的死亡率。我们使用本地比较人群分析了标准化死亡率（SMR），并进行了相对风险回归建模，以通过混淆因素和与辐射相关的暴露变量来评估总体死亡率和特定的癌症风险。男性和女性的总死亡率均显着升高（分别为109和118）。所有心脏病占总死亡人数的43.3％，并且显示出心脏病的SMR升高，男性分别为113和130。但是，当控制混杂因素和自然本底辐射时，心脏病的这些升高不再明显。与本地人群相比，该队列的总体癌症死亡率相似（男性SMR = 100；女性SMR = 101）。在相对风险模型中，与自然本底暴露有关，男性所有淋巴和造血组织均具有显着影响（p = 0.04）。但是，没有发现趋势。我们发现与TMI相关的可能的γ-暴露水平升高有关，女性乳腺癌风险具有显着的线性趋势（p ＝ 0.02）。尽管在其他调查中也注意到了这种关系，但TMI事件的排放量明显低于其他文献研究。因此，这种观察到的增加不太可能与事故发生当天的辐射暴露有关。该队列的死亡率监测不能提供一致的证据，表明在TMI事故期间释放的放射性对该队列迄今为止的死亡率经验有重大影响。然而，对这些个体的持续随访将提供对该队列发病率和死亡率经验的更全面描述。

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