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The concentrations of arsenic and other toxic elements in Bangladeshs drinking water.

机译：孟加拉国饮用水中砷和其他有毒元素的浓度。

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For drinking water, the people of Bangladesh used to rely on surface water, which was often contaminated with bacteria causing diarrhea, cholera, typhoid, and other life-threatening diseases. To reduce the incidences of these diseases, millions of tubewells were installed in Bangladesh since independence in 1971. This recent transition from surface water to groundwater has significantly reduced deaths from waterborne pathogens; however, new evidence suggests disease and death from arsenic (As) and other toxic elements in groundwater are affecting large areas of Bangladesh. In this evaluation, the areal and vertical distribution of As and 29 other inorganic chemicals in groundwater were determined throughout Bangladesh. This study of 30 analytes per sample and 112 samples suggests that the most significant health risk from drinking Bangladesh's tubewell water is chronic As poisoning. The As concentration ranged from < 0.0007 to 0.64 mg/L, with 48% of samples above the 0.01 mg/L World Health Organization drinking water guideline. Furthermore, this study reveals unsafe levels of manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and chromium (Cr). Our survey also suggests that groundwater with unsafe levels of As, Mn, Pb, Ni, and Cr may extend beyond Bangladesh's border into the four adjacent and densely populated states in India. In addition to the health risks from individual toxins, possible multimetal synergistic and inhibitory effects are discussed. Antimony was detected in 98% of the samples from this study and magnifies the toxic effects of As. In contrast, Se and Zn were below our detection limits in large parts of Bangladesh and prevent the toxic effects of As.
机译：对于饮用水，孟加拉国人民曾经依靠地表水，地表水经常被细菌污染，引起腹泻，霍乱，伤寒和其他威胁生命的疾病。为了减少这些疾病的发生率，自1971年独立以来，孟加拉国已安装了数百万个管井。最近从地表水到地下水的过渡已大大减少了水生病原体的死亡。但是，新证据表明，地下水中砷和其他有毒元素导致的疾病和死亡正在影响孟加拉国的大部分地区。在这项评估中，确定了整个孟加拉国地下水中砷和29种其他无机化学物质的面积和垂直分布。这项针对每个样本和112个样本的30种分析物的研究表明，饮用孟加拉国的试管水对健康的最大危害是慢性砷中毒。砷的浓度范围从<0.0007至0.64 mg / L，其中48％的样品高于0.01 mg / L的世界卫生组织饮用水准则。此外，这项研究揭示了锰（Mn），铅（Pb），镍（Ni）和铬（Cr）的不安全水平。我们的调查还表明，砷，锰，铅，镍和铬含量不安全的地下水可能会超出孟加拉国边界，进入印度的四个相邻且人口稠密的州。除了个别毒素对健康的危害外，还讨论了可能的多金属协同和抑制作用。在这项研究中，在98％的样品中检测到锑，并放大了砷的毒性作用。相反，在孟加拉国的大部分地区，硒和锌均低于我们的检测极限，可防止砷的毒性作用。

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