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Differential dependence of Pavlovian incentive motivation and instrumental incentive learning processes on dopamine signaling

机译：巴甫洛夫激励动机和工具性激励学习过程对多巴胺信号的差异依赖性

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Here we attempted to clarify the role of dopamine signaling in reward seeking. In Experiment 1, we assessed the effects of the dopamine D1/D2 receptor antagonist flupenthixol (0.5 mg/kg i.p.) on Pavlovian incentive motivation and found that flupenthixol blocked the ability of a conditioned stimulus to enhance both goal approach and instrumental performance (Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer). In Experiment 2 we assessed the effects of flupenthixol on reward palatability during post-training noncontingent re-exposure to the sucrose reward in either a control 3-h or novel 23-h food-deprived state. Flupenthixol, although effective in blocking the Pavlovian goal approach, was without effect on palatability or the increase in reward palatability induced by the upshift in motivational state. This noncontingent re-exposure provided an opportunity for instrumental incentive learning, the process by which rats encode the value of a reward for use in updating reward-seeking actions. Flupenthixol administered prior to the instrumental incentive learning opportunity did not affect the increase in subsequent off-drug reward-seeking actions induced by that experience. These data suggest that although dopamine signaling is necessary for Pavlovian incentive motivation, it is not necessary for changes in reward experience, or for the instrumental incentive learning process that translates this experience into the incentive value used to drive reward-seeking actions, and provide further evidence that Pavlovian and instrumental incentive learning processes are dissociable.
机译：在这里，我们试图阐明多巴胺信号传导在寻求奖励中的作用。在实验1中，我们评估了多巴胺D1 / D2受体拮抗剂氟喷噻唑（0.5 mg / kg ip ip）对巴甫洛夫激励动机的影响，发现氟喷噻酚会阻止条件刺激增强目标方法和仪器性能的能力（Pavlovian-到乐器的转让）。在实验2中，我们评估了氟哌丁醇对训练后的非偶然性再暴露至对照组（禁食3小时或缺食23小时）中的蔗糖奖励的奖励适口性的影响。氟喷他索虽然可以有效地阻止帕夫洛夫目标法，但对动机状态的升迁引起的适口性或奖励适口性的提高没有影响。这种非偶然的再接触为工具性激励学习提供了机会，通过这种过程，大鼠对奖励的值进行编码，以用于更新奖励寻求行为。在工具性激励学习机会之前服用氟喷他醇不影响该经历引起的随后的非药物奖励寻求行动的增加。这些数据表明，尽管多巴胺信号对于巴甫洛夫式的激励动机是必要的，但对于奖励经验的改变或将这种经验转化为用于激励寻求奖励行为的激励价值的工具性激励学习过程，则没有必要有证据表明，巴甫洛夫式和工具式激励学习过程是可分离的。

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