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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Molecules >Diallylthiosulfinate (Allicin) a Volatile Antimicrobial from Garlic (Allium sativum) Kills Human Lung Pathogenic Bacteria Including MDR Strains as a Vapor
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Diallylthiosulfinate (Allicin) a Volatile Antimicrobial from Garlic (Allium sativum) Kills Human Lung Pathogenic Bacteria Including MDR Strains as a Vapor

机译：二烯丙基硫代硫酸盐（大蒜素）一种来自大蒜（大蒜）的挥发性抗菌剂可杀死包括MDR菌株在内的人肺致病细菌并通过蒸气将其杀死。

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Garlic (Allium sativum) has potent antimicrobial activity due to allicin (diallylthiosulfinate) synthesized by enzyme catalysis in damaged garlic tissues. Allicin gives crushed garlic its characteristic odor and its volatility makes it potentially useful for combating lung infections. Allicin was synthesized (>98% pure) by oxidation of diallyl disulfide by H2O2 using formic acid as a catalyst and the growth inhibitory effect of allicin vapor and allicin in solution to clinical isolates of lung pathogenic bacteria from the genera Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, and Staphylococcus, including multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains, was demonstrated. Minimal inhibitory (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were determined and compared to clinical antibiotics using standard European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) procedures. The cytotoxicity of allicin to human lung and colon epithelial and murine fibroblast cells was tested in vitro and shown to be ameliorated by glutathione (GSH). Similarly, the sensitivity of rat precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) to allicin was decreased by raising the [GSH] to the approximate blood plasma level of 1 mM. Because allicin inhibited bacterial growth as a vapor, it could be used to combat bacterial lung infections via direct inhalation. Since there are no volatile antibiotics available to treat pulmonary infections, allicin, particularly at sublethal doses in combination with oral antibiotics, could make a valuable addition to currently available treatments.
机译：大蒜（大蒜）由于酶催化在受损的大蒜组织中合成的大蒜素（二烯丙基硫代磺酸盐）而具有强大的抗菌活性。大蒜素赋予压碎的大蒜其独特的气味，其挥发性使其潜在地可用于抵抗肺部感染。使用甲酸作为催化剂，通过H2O2氧化二烯丙基二硫化物，合成大蒜素（纯度> 98％），并且大蒜素溶液中的大蒜素蒸气和大蒜素对假单胞菌属，链球菌属和葡萄球菌属的肺致病菌具有临床抑制作用包括多药耐药性（MDR）菌株在内。确定了最小抑菌浓度（MIC）和最小杀菌浓度（MBC），并使用标准的欧洲抗菌药物敏感性委员会（EUCAST）程序将其与临床抗生素进行了比较。大蒜素对人肺和结肠上皮细胞和鼠成纤维细胞的细胞毒性在体外进行了测试，并被谷胱甘肽（GSH）改善。同样，通过将[GSH]升高至大约1 mM的血浆水平，可降低大鼠精确切肺切片（PCLS）对大蒜素的敏感性。由于大蒜素抑制细菌以蒸气的形式生长，因此可以通过直接吸入来对抗细菌性肺部感染。由于没有挥发性抗生素可用于治疗肺部感染，因此大蒜素，特别是与口服抗生素联合使用的致死剂量，可以为当前可用的治疗方法提供有价值的补充。

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