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Nanofluid Types Their Synthesis Properties and Incorporation in Direct Solar Thermal Collectors: A Review

机译：纳米流体的类型其合成性质和在直接太阳能集热器中的掺入：综述

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摘要

The global demand for energy is increasing and the detrimental consequences of rising greenhouse gas emissions, global warming and environmental degradation present major challenges. Solar energy offers a clean and viable renewable energy source with the potential to alleviate the detrimental consequences normally associated with fossil fuel-based energy generation. However, there are two inherent problems associated with conventional solar thermal energy conversion systems. The first involves low thermal conductivity values of heat transfer fluids, and the second involves the poor optical properties of many absorbers and their coating. Hence, there is an imperative need to improve both thermal and optical properties of current solar conversion systems. Direct solar thermal absorption collectors incorporating a nanofluid offers the opportunity to achieve significant improvements in both optical and thermal performance. Since nanofluids offer much greater heat absorbing and heat transfer properties compared to traditional working fluids. The review summarizes current research in this innovative field. It discusses direct solar absorber collectors and methods for improving their performance. This is followed by a discussion of the various types of nanofluids available and the synthesis techniques used to manufacture them. In closing, a brief discussion of nanofluid property modelling is also presented.
机译：全球对能源的需求正在增加，温室气体排放量增加，全球变暖和环境退化的不利后果带来了重大挑战。太阳能提供了一种清洁可行的可再生能源，具有减轻通常与基于化石燃料的能源生产相关的有害后果的潜力。但是，常规的太阳能热转换系统存在两个固有的问题。第一个涉及传热流体的低热导率值，第二个涉及许多吸收剂及其涂层的不良光学性能。因此，迫切需要同时改善当前的太阳能转换系统的热和光学性质。结合了纳米流体的直接太阳热吸收收集器提供了在光学和热性能方面实现重大改进的机会。与传统的工作流体相比，由于纳米流体具有更大的吸热和传热性能。综述总结了该创新领域的最新研究。它讨论了直接的太阳能吸收器收集器及其改进方法。接下来是对各种可用的纳米流体及其用于制造它们的合成技术的讨论。最后，还简要讨论了纳米流体特性建模。

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