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Synthesis of Magnetic Ferrite Nanoparticles with High Hyperthermia Performance via a Controlled Co-Precipitation Method

机译：受控共沉淀法合成具有高热性能的磁性铁氧体纳米粒子

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Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) that exhibit high specific loss power (SLP) at lower metal content are highly desirable for hyperthermia applications. The conventional co-precipitation process has been widely employed for the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles. However, their hyperthermia performance is often insufficient, which is considered as the main challenge to the development of practicable cancer treatments. In particular, ferrite MNPs have unique properties, such as a strong magnetocrystalline anisotropy, high coercivity, and moderate saturation magnetization, however their hyperthermia performance needs to be further improved. In this study, cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) and zinc cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (ZnCoFe2O4) were prepared to achieve high SLP values by modifying the conventional co-precipitation method. Our modified method, which allows for precursor material compositions (molar ratio of Fe+3:Fe+2:Co+2/Zn+2 of 3:2:1), is a simple, environmentally friendly, and low temperature process carried out in air at a maximum temperature of 60 °C, without the need for oxidizing or coating agents. The particles produced were characterized using multiple techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis spectroscopy), and a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). SLP values of the prepared nanoparticles were carefully evaluated as a function of time, magnetic field strength (30, 40, and 50 kA m−1), and the viscosity of the medium (water and glycerol), and compared to commercial magnetic nanoparticle materials under the same conditions. The cytotoxicity of the prepared nanoparticles by in vitro culture with NIH-3T3 fibroblasts exhibited good cytocompatibility up to 0.5 mg/mL. The safety limit of magnetic field parameters for SLP was tested. It did not exceed the 5 × 109 Am−1 s−1 threshold. A saturation temperature of 45 °C could be achieved. These nanoparticles, with minimal metal content, can ideally be used for in vivo hyperthermia applications, such as cancer treatments.
机译：在较低的金属含量下表现出高比损耗功率（SLP）的磁性纳米颗粒（MNP）对于热疗应用是非常需要的。常规的共沉淀方法已被广泛用于磁性纳米颗粒的合成。然而，它们的热疗性能通常不足，这被认为是开发可行的癌症治疗方法的主要挑战。特别是，铁氧体MNP具有独特的特性，例如强的磁晶各向异性，高矫顽力和适度的饱和磁化强度，但是它们的高温性能需要进一步提高。在这项研究中，通过改进常规的共沉淀方法，制备了钴铁氧体（CoFe2O4）和锌钴铁氧体纳米颗粒（ZnCoFe2O4）以实现高SLP值。我们的改进方法允许前体材料组成（Fe +3 ：Fe +2 ：Co +2 / Zn of 3：2：1）是一种简单，环保且低温的工艺，它在空气中最高温度为60°C时进行，而无需氧化剂或涂覆剂。使用多种技术对产生的颗粒进行表征，例如X射线衍射（XRD），动态光散射（DLS），透射电子显微镜（TEM），紫外可见光谱（UV-Vis光谱）和振动样品磁力计（ VSM）。根据时间，磁场强度（30、40和50 kA m -1 ）和介质（水和甘油）的粘度，仔细评估了制备的纳米颗粒的SLP值，并与相同条件下的商用磁性纳米颗粒材料进行比较。通过与NIH-3T3成纤维细胞进行体外培养，制备的纳米颗粒的细胞毒性显示出良好的细胞相容性，最高可达0.5 mg / mL。测试了SLP磁场参数的安全极限。它没有超过5×10 9 Am -1 s -1 阈值。可以达到45°C的饱和温度。这些具有最小金属含量的纳米粒子可理想地用于体内高温应用，例如癌症治疗。

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