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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Nutrients >Self-Reported Dietary Restrictions and Dietary Patterns in Polish Girls: A Short Research Report (GEBaHealth Study)
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Self-Reported Dietary Restrictions and Dietary Patterns in Polish Girls: A Short Research Report (GEBaHealth Study)

机译：自我报告的波兰女孩饮食限制和饮食模式：简短的研究报告（GEBaHealth研究）

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Dietary restraint is a commonly reported practice observed among young females. The practice remains controversial and can be interpreted as a beneficial self-regulating behavior or the opposite, an eating disorder that may have a detrimental effect on health. The aim of this short report was to investigate if dietary restrictions are associated with dietary patterns in a representative sample of Polish girls. Analyses were carried out on data from the Girls’ Eating Behavior and Health (GEBaHealth) study. The sample included 1107 girls, ranging in age from 13 to 21 years old. Restrictions regarding food quantities and selected food groups were assessed using a standardized interview. Dietary patterns were identified with Principal Component Analysis (PCA), based on dietary data collected with Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQs). Logistic regression analysis was used to study the associations between self-reported restrictions and each dietary pattern. In the total sample, 30.5% of girls reported following some food restrictions. The most common restrictions regarded consumption of sugar and/or sweets (23.7%), high-fat foods (22.4%), and fats (21.3%). Girls who declared following any restrictions, restrictions in food quantity and restrictions in the consumption of sugar and/or sweets, high-fat foods, fats, cereals and/or bread and/or potatoes were more likely to adhere to the “fruit and vegetables” (considered pro-healthy) dietary pattern (adjusted odds ratios (ORs): 1.55, 95% CI: 1.14–2.12; 1.61, 95% CI: 1.17–2.21; 1.81, 95% CI: 1.30–2.52; 1.46, 95% CI: 1.04–2.06; 1.96, 95% CI: 1.38–2.80 and 3.25, 95% CI: 1.97–5.37, respectively), and less likely to adhere to the “fast foods and sweets” (unhealthy) and “traditional Polish” (rather unhealthy) patterns, compared to girls who declared no restrictions. Declared restrictions in the consumption of foods high in sugar, fat, and starch were observed in girls in the “fruit and vegetables” pattern and were uncommon in girls with unhealthy dietary patterns. Although cautious interpretation is needed when considering restrictions in the overall quantity of food consumed, the results indicate that dietary restrictions of sugar, high-fat foods, fats, and starch may be considered predictors of both pro-healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns in the population of Polish girls.
机译：饮食限制是年轻女性中普遍报道的一种做法。这种做法仍存在争议，可以解释为一种有益的自我调节行为，或相反，一种可能对健康产生不利影响的饮食失调。这份简短报告的目的是调查波兰女孩代表性样本中的饮食限制是否与饮食习惯有关。根据女孩的饮食行为与健康（GEBaHealth）研究得出的数据进行了分析。样本包括1107名年龄在13至21岁之间的女孩。使用标准化访谈评估了有关食物数量和特定食物类别的限制。基于主频分析（FFQ）收集的饮食数据，通过主成分分析（PCA）确定饮食模式。 Logistic回归分析用于研究自我报告的限制与每种饮食模式之间的关联。在总样本中，有30.5％的女孩报告说受到一些食物限制。最常见的限制因素是糖和/或甜食（23.7％），高脂食品（22.4％）和脂肪（21.3％）的消耗。宣布受到任何限制，食品数量限制和糖和/或甜食，高脂食品，脂肪，谷物和/或面包和/或土豆的消费限制的女孩更有可能坚持“水果和蔬菜” ”（考虑到有利于健康）的饮食模式（调整后的优势比（OR）：1.55，95％CI：1.14-2.12； 1.61，95％CI：1.17-1.21； 1.81，95％CI：1.30-2.52； 1.46，95 CI的百分比：1.04–2.06； 1.96、95％的CI：1.38–2.80和3.25、95％的CI：1.97–5.37），并且不太可能坚持使用“快餐和甜食”（不健康）和“传统波兰语” ”（相当不健康）的模式，与宣称没有限制的女孩相比。在以“水果和蔬菜”模式出现的女孩中，宣布限制食用含糖，脂肪和淀粉含量高的食物，在饮食习惯不健康的女孩中很少见到这种限制。尽管在考虑限制食用的食物总量时需要谨慎地进行解释，但结果表明，饮食中糖，高脂食品，脂肪和淀粉的饮食限制可能被认为是人口中有益健康和不健康饮食方式的指标波兰女孩。

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