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β-escin selectively targets the glioblastoma-initiating cell population and reduces cell viability

机译:β-七叶皂素选择性靶向成胶质细胞瘤起始细胞群并降低细胞活力

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摘要

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive tumour of the central nervous system and is associated with an extremely poor prognosis. Within GBM exists a subpopulation of cells, glioblastoma-initiating cells (GIC), which possess the characteristics of progenitor cells, have the ability to initiate tumour growth and resist to current treatment strategies. We aimed at identifying novel specific inhibitors of GIC expansion through use of a large-scale chemical screen of approved small molecules. Here, we report the identification of the natural compound β-escin as a selective inhibitor of GIC viability. Indeed, β-escin was significantly cytotoxic in nine patient-derived GIC, whilst exhibiting no substantial effect on the other human cancer or control cell lines tested. In addition, β-escin was more effective at reducing GIC growth than current clinically used cytotoxic agents. We further show that β-escin triggers caspase-dependent cell death combined with a loss of stemness properties. However, blocking apoptosis could not rescue the β-escin-induced reduction in sphere formation or stemness marker activity, indicating that β-escin directly modifies the stem identity of GIC, independent of the induction of cell death. Thus, this study has repositioned β-escin as a promising potential candidate to selectively target the aggressive population of initiating cells within GBM.
机译:多形胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)是中枢神经系统的高度侵袭性肿瘤,预后极差。 GBM内有一个细胞亚群,即胶质母细胞瘤起始细胞(GIC),它具有祖细胞的特征,具有引发肿瘤生长和抵抗当前治疗策略的能力。我们旨在通过使用批准的小分子的大规模化学筛选来鉴定GIC扩展的新型特异性抑制剂。在这里,我们报告鉴定为GIC生存力的选择性抑制剂的天然化合物β-七叶皂甙。实际上,β-七叶皂苷在九种患者来源的GIC中具有明显的细胞毒性,而对其他测试的人类癌症或对照细胞系则没有实质性影响。此外,β-七叶皂素在减少GIC生长方面比目前临床上使用的细胞毒剂更有效。我们进一步表明,β-七叶皂苷触发半胱天冬酶依赖性细胞死亡,并伴有茎干特性的丧失。然而,阻断细胞凋亡不能挽救β-七叶皂苷诱导的球体形成或干性标记活性的降低,这表明β-七叶皂苷直接修饰GIC的茎身份,而与细胞死亡的诱导无关。因此,本研究将β-七叶皂素重新定位为有希望的潜在候选物,以选择性靶向GBM内的起始细胞的侵袭性群体。

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