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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences >A probabilistic atlas and reference system for the human brain: International Consortium for Brain Mapping (ICBM).
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A probabilistic atlas and reference system for the human brain: International Consortium for Brain Mapping (ICBM).

机译：人类大脑的概率图集和参考系统：国际脑图谱联盟（ICBM）。

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Motivated by the vast amount of information that is rapidly accumulating about the human brain in digital form, we embarked upon a program in 1992 to develop a four-dimensional probabilistic atlas and reference system for the human brain. Through an International Consortium for Brain Mapping (ICBM) a dataset is being collected that includes 7000 subjects between the ages of eighteen and ninety years and including 342 mono- and dizygotic twins. Data on each subject includes detailed demographic, clinical, behavioural and imaging information. DNA has been collected for genotyping from 5800 subjects. A component of the programme uses post-mortem tissue to determine the probabilistic distribution of microscopic cyto- and chemoarchitectural regions in the human brain. This, combined with macroscopic information about structure and function derived from subjects in vivo, provides the first large scale opportunity to gain meaningful insights into the concordance or discordance in micro- and macroscopic structure and function. The philosophy, strategy, algorithm development, data acquisition techniques and validation methods are described in this report along with database structures. Examples of results are described for the normal adult human brain as well as examples in patients with Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis. The ability to quantify the variance of the human brain as a function of age in a large population of subjects for whom data is also available about their genetic composition and behaviour will allow for the first assessment of cerebral genotype-phenotype-behavioural correlations in humans to take place in a population this large. This approach and its application should provide new insights and opportunities for investigators interested in basic neuroscience, clinical diagnostics and the evaluation of neuropsychiatric disorders in patients.
机译：受海量信息以数字形式迅速积累的启发，我们于1992年启动了一项程序，以开发用于人脑的四维概率图集和参考系统。通过国际脑图测绘联合会（ICBM），正在收集一个数据集，其中包括7000位年龄在18至90岁之间的受试者，其中包括342个单卵双卵和双卵双卵。有关每个主题的数据包括详细的人口统计，临床，行为和影像信息。已从5800名受试者中收集了DNA用于基因分型。该程序的一个组成部分使用验尸组织来确定人脑中微观细胞和化学建筑区域的概率分布。这与有关体内受试对象的结构和功能的宏观信息相结合，提供了第一个大规模机会，以获取对微观和宏观结构与功能的一致或不一致的有意义的见解。本报告介绍了哲学，策略，算法开发，数据获取技术和验证方法以及数据库结构。描述了正常成年人大脑的结果示例，以及患有阿尔茨海默氏病和多发性硬化症的患者的示例。在人口众多的人群中，随着年龄的变化，可以量化人脑随年龄变化的能力，这将有助于首次评估人的脑基因型-表型-行为相关性。发生在这么大的人口中。这种方法及其应用应为对基础神经科学，临床诊断和患者神经精神疾病评估感兴趣的研究人员提供新的见识和机会。

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