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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences >The conservation value of South East Asias highly degraded forests: evidence from leaf-litter ants
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The conservation value of South East Asias highly degraded forests: evidence from leaf-litter ants

机译：东南亚高度退化的森林的保护价值：来自凋落叶蚂蚁的证据

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摘要

South East Asia is widely regarded as a centre of threatened biodiversity owing to extensive logging and forest conversion to agriculture. In particular, forests degraded by repeated rounds of intensive logging are viewed as having little conservation value and are afforded meagre protection from conversion to oil palm. Here, we determine the biological value of such heavily degraded forests by comparing leaf-litter ant communities in unlogged (natural) and twice-logged forests in Sabah, Borneo. We accounted for impacts of logging on habitat heterogeneity by comparing species richness and composition at four nested spatial scales, and examining how species richness was partitioned across the landscape in each habitat. We found that twice-logged forest had fewer species occurrences, lower species richness at small spatial scales and altered species composition compared with natural forests. However, over 80 per cent of species found in unlogged forest were detected within twice-logged forest. Moreover, greater species turnover among sites in twice-logged forest resulted in identical species richness between habitats at the largest spatial scale. While two intensive logging cycles have negative impacts on ant communities, these degraded forests clearly provide important habitat for numerous species and preventing their conversion to oil palm and other crops should be a conservation priority.
机译：由于广泛的伐木和森林向农业的转化，东南亚被广泛视为受威胁生物多样性的中心。特别是，由于反复进行密集采伐而退化的森林被认为具有很少的保护价值，并提供了从转化为油棕起的微薄保护。在这里，我们通过比较婆罗洲沙巴州未砍伐（天然）森林和两次砍伐森林中的凋落物蚂蚁群落，来确定此类严重退化森林的生物学价值。我们通过在四个嵌套的空间尺度上比较物种丰富度和组成，并研究物种丰富度如何在每个栖息地的整个景观中进行分配，来解决伐木对栖息地异质性的影响。我们发现，与天然林相比，两次采伐的森林具有较少的物种发生，较小的空间尺度上较低的物种丰富度和变化的物种组成。但是，在两次采伐的森林中发现了超过80％的未伐木森林中发现的物种。此外，两次采伐森林的地点之间的物种周转率更高，从而在最大的空间尺度上使生境之间的物种丰富度相同。虽然两个密集的伐木周期会对蚂蚁群落产生负面影响，但这些退化的森林显然为众多物种提供了重要的栖息地，防止其转化为油棕和其他农作物应作为保护重点。

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