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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>The Plant Cell >Genome Reduction Uncovers a Large Dispensable Genome and Adaptive Role for Copy Number Variation in Asexually Propagated Solanum tuberosum
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Genome Reduction Uncovers a Large Dispensable Genome and Adaptive Role for Copy Number Variation in Asexually Propagated Solanum tuberosum

机译：基因组减少发现无性繁殖的马铃薯马铃薯中大量可分配的基因组和副本数量变异的自适应作用。

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Clonally reproducing plants have the potential to bear a significantly greater mutational load than sexually reproducing species. To investigate this possibility, we examined the breadth of genome-wide structural variation in a panel of monoploid/doubled monoploid clones generated from native populations of diploid potato (Solanum tuberosum), a highly heterozygous asexually propagated plant. As rare instances of purely homozygous clones, they provided an ideal set for determining the degree of structural variation tolerated by this species and deriving its minimal gene complement. Extensive copy number variation () was uncovered, impacting 219.8 Mb (30.2%) of the potato genome with nearly 30% of genes subject to at least partial duplication or deletion, revealing the highly heterogeneous nature of the potato genome. Dispensable genes (>7000) were associated with limited transcription and/or a recent evolutionary history, with lower deletion frequency observed in genes conserved across angiosperms. Association of with plant adaptation was highlighted by enrichment in gene clusters encoding functions for environmental stress response, with gene duplication playing a part in species-specific expansions of stress-related gene families. This study revealed unique impacts of in a species with asexual reproductive habits and how may drive adaption through evolution of key stress pathways.
机译：与有性繁殖物种相比，无性繁殖植物具有承受更大突变负荷的潜力。为了研究这种可能性，我们检查了由高度杂合性无性繁殖植物二倍体马铃薯（马铃薯）的天然种群产生的一组单倍体/双倍单倍体克隆的全基因组范围结构变异的广度。作为纯合子克隆的罕见实例，它们为确定该物种所耐受的结构变异程度并推导其最小的基因互补提供了理想的组合。未发现广泛的拷贝数变异（），影响了马铃薯基因组的219.8 Mb（30.2％），其中近30％的基因至少部分重复或缺失，从而揭示了马铃薯基因组的高度异质性。可分配的基因（> 7000）与有限的转录和/或最近的进化史有关，在被子植物中保守的基因中观察到的缺失频率较低。与植物适应性的关联通过丰富编码环境胁迫反应功能的基因簇而突显出来，其中基因复制在胁迫相关基因家族的物种特异性扩展中发挥了作用。这项研究揭示了具有无性生殖习性的物种的独特影响，以及如何通过关键应激途径的进化来驱动适应。

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