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Efficiency and Regulation of Water Transport in Some Woody and Herbaceous Species

机译：一些木本和草本物种的水分传输效率和调控

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摘要

The efficiency with which plants transport water is related to the water potential differences required to drive water fluxes from the soil to the leaf. A comparative study of two woody and three herbaceous species (Citrus sinensis L. cv. Koethen, Pyrus kawakami L., Helianthus annuus L. cv. Mammoth Russian, Capsicum frutescens L. cv. Yolo Wonder, and Sesamum indicum L. cv. Glauca) indicated contrasts in water transport efficiency. Depression of leaf water potential in response to transpiration increases was found in the woody species; the herbaceous species, however, had more efficient water transport systems and presented no measurable response of leaf water potential to transpiration changes. Different maximum transpiration rates under the same climatic conditions were observed with different species and may be accounted for by stomatal response to humidity gradients between leaf and air. Leaf diffusion resistance in sesame increased markedly as the humidity gradient was increased, while leaf resistance of sunflower responded less to humidity. Stomata appeared to respond directly to the humidity gradient because changes in leaf water potential were not detected when leaf resistance increased or decreased.
机译：植物输送水的效率与驱动水流从土壤流向叶片所需的水势差有关。对两种木本和三种草种的比较研究（中国柑桔，科瓦斯梨，川Ma菜，俄罗斯猛mm象，辣椒花椒尤罗·旺德和印度芝麻） ）表示水传输效率的对比。在木本植物中发现了因蒸腾作用增加而引起的叶片水势的降低。然而，该草本物种具有更有效的水传输系统，并且没有显示出潜在的叶水势对蒸腾变化的可测响应。在相同的气候条件下，不同的物种观察到不同的最大蒸腾速率，这可能是由于气孔对叶片和空气之间的湿度梯度的响应所致。芝麻的叶片抗扩散性随着湿度梯度的增加而显着增加，而向日葵的叶片抗性对湿度的响应较小。气孔似乎直接响应湿度梯度，因为当叶片抗性增加或降低时，未检测到叶片水势的变化。

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