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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Plant Physiology >Biochemical Changes in Tuber-bearing Solanum Species in Relation to Frost Hardiness during Cold Acclimation
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Biochemical Changes in Tuber-bearing Solanum Species in Relation to Frost Hardiness during Cold Acclimation

机译：寒冬过程中块茎茄属植物生化变化与抗冻性的关系

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Biochemical changes in potato leaves during cold acclimation have been examined and compared between a frost-tolerant S. acaule and a frost-susceptible S. tuberosum species. Changes were also examined in S. tuberosum, S. acaule, and S. commersonii species when they were hardened at different temperatures to varying hardiness levels.During three weeks of stepwise cold acclimation, S. acaule increased frost hardiness from −6.0 C (killing temperature) to −9.0 C, whereas frost hardiness of S. tuberosum remained unchanged at −3.0 C. Decreases in DNA content on a dry weight basis in both species suggest that matured leaf cells accumulated more dry matter during acclimation. The advantage of using DNA as a reference for comparing metabolite changes during cold acclimation is discussed.Under the stepwise acclimating conditions, both species showed the same trends for increasing total sugar and starch with an insignificant decrease in leaf water content. High levels of total RNA, rRNA, and total and soluble protein were observed in treated S. acaule plants as compared with controls, but not in S. tuberosum. Levels of total lipid and phospholipid also were high in treated S. acaule plants as compared with controls but decreased in S. tuberosum during acclimation.When S. tuberosum, S. acaule, and S. commersonii potatoes were cold-treated at constant dayight temperatures of 10, 5, and 2 C with 14-hour daylength, each species responds differently in terms of frost hardiness increase upon subjecting plants to a low temperature. For instance, after 20 days at 2 C, a net frost hardiness of 3 and 7 C was observed in S. acaule and S. commersonii, respectively, whereas the frost hardiness in S. tuberosum remained unchanged. Also, various levels of frost hardiness can be achieved in a species by subjecting plants to different low temperature treatments. Under a warm regime of 20/15 C dayight temperatures (14-hour light), both S. acaule and S. commersonii can survive at −4.5 C or colder, whereas S. tuberosum can survive only at −2.5 C.Biochemical changes in the leaf tissue of these species were investigated at 5-day intervals during low temperature treatments. Increases in total sugar and starch were found in all three species during hardening, although S. tuberosum failed to harden. Soluble protein contents were increased in both S. acaule and S. commersonii but decreased in S. tuberosum. RNA contents change in a pattern similar to the soluble protein. Net increases of the soluble proteins were positively and significantly correlated with net increases of frost hardiness in S. acaule and S. commersonii.
机译：已经研究了冷驯化过程中马铃薯叶片的生化变化，并比较了耐霜冻的天竺葵和易受霜冻影响的马铃薯。当它们在不同温度下硬化至不同的硬度水平时，还检验了马铃薯，沙门氏菌和沙门氏菌的变化。在逐步进行的三周冷驯化过程中，沙门菌使霜冻的强度从-6.0 C增加（杀死温度升高至-9.0 C，而马铃薯的抗冻性在-3.0 C时保持不变。两种物种的DNA含量（以干重计）均降低，表明成熟的叶片细胞在驯化过程中积累了更多的干物质。讨论了以DNA为参考比较冷适应过程中代谢物变化的优势。在逐步适应条件下，两种物种在增加总糖和淀粉方面显示出相同的趋势，而叶片含水量却无明显降低。与对照相比，在处理过的金合欢植物中观察到高水平的总RNA，rRNA，总蛋白质和可溶性蛋白质，但在马铃薯中却没有。与对照相比，处理过的金合欢植株中的总脂质和磷脂水平也很高，但在适应过程中结核菌中的总脂质和磷脂水平降低。当在恒定的天/白天温度为10、5和2 C，白天的时间为14小时，每种植物在将植物置于低温下后，其抗霜冻能力的提高反应也不同。例如，在2 C下20天后，在无芒链球菌和沙门氏菌中分别观察到3和7 C的净霜冻硬度，而在马铃薯中的霜冻硬度保持不变。同样，通过对植物进行不同的低温处理，可以在一个物种中实现各种水平的抗霜冻性。在日夜温度为20/15 C的温暖环境下（光照14小时），天竺葵和 S均存在。 commersonii 可以在-4.5 C或更低温度下生存，而 S。马铃薯只能在-2.5 C下存活。在低温处理期间，每5天研究一次这些物种的叶片组织中的生化变化。尽管 S，但在硬化过程中所有三个物种的总糖和淀粉含量均增加。马铃薯变硬。在两个 S中可溶性蛋白含量均增加。 acaule 和 S。 commersonii ，但 S有所减少。 RNA含量的变化与可溶性蛋白相似。可溶性蛋白的净增加与 S的霜冻抗性的净增加呈正相关，并与之显着相关。 acaule 和 S。 commersonii。

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