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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Plant Physiology >Biosynthesis of the Cyanogenic Glucoside Dhurrin in Seedlings of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench and Partial Purification of the Enzyme System Involved
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Biosynthesis of the Cyanogenic Glucoside Dhurrin in Seedlings of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench and Partial Purification of the Enzyme System Involved

机译：高粱双色Seed幼苗中氰基葡萄糖苷杜林的生物合成及涉及的酶系统的部分纯化

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摘要

The cyanogenic glucoside dhurrin is rapidly synthesized in etiolated seedlings of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. The dhurrin content of the seedlings increases sigmoidally with the germination time. Shoots of 10 centimeters height contain 850 nanomoles of dhurrin per shoot corresponding to 6% of the dry weight. The biosynthetic activity sharply rises upon germination and reaches a maximum level of 10 nanomoles dhurrin/(hour × shoot) after 48 hours when the shoots are 3 centimeters high. This maximum level is followed by a sharp decline in activity when germination time exceeds 65 hours. Dhurrin and the dhurrin-synthesizing enzyme system are primarily located in the upper part of the etiolated shoot where both are evenly distributed between the coleoptile, the primary leaves and the upper 0.5 centimeter of the first internode including the shoot apex. Dhurrin constitutes 30% of the dry weight of the upper 1.2 centimeter of 10 centimeter high shoots. The seed and root contain neither dhurrin nor the dhurrin-synthesizing enzyme system. The codistribution of dhurrin and the enzyme system throughout the seedling indicates that production and storage sites are located within the same cell. Purification of the dhurrin-synthesizing enzyme by gel filtration or by sucrose gradient centrifugations results in a tenfold increase in specific activity. Further purification is accompained by a decline in specific activity due to loss of essential components as demonstrated by reconstitution experiments.
机译：在高粱双色（L.）Moench的黄化幼苗中快速合成了氰基葡萄糖苷Dhurrin。幼苗中的草木素含量随发芽时间呈S形增长。 10厘米高的枝条每枝含有850纳摩尔的杜林精，相当于干重的6％。发芽时，其生物合成活性急剧增加，当枝条高3厘米时，经过48小时后其生物合成活性最高达到10纳摩尔杜尔林/（小时×枝条）。当发芽时间超过65小时时，其活动量急剧下降。 Dhurrin和Durrin合成酶系统主要位于黄化芽的上部，二者均均匀分布在胚芽鞘，初级叶片和第一个节间的上部0.5厘米之间，包括茎尖。 Dhurrin占10厘米高的新芽上部1.2厘米干重的30％。种子和根均不含杜林精或杜林精合成酶系统。杜林蛋白和酶系统在整个幼苗中的共同分布表明生产和储存位点位于同一细胞内。通过凝胶过滤或通过蔗糖梯度离心法纯化杜林酸酯合成酶导致比活性增加十倍。如重建实验所示，由于必需成分的损失，比活性下降，从而进一步纯化。

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