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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Plant Physiology >Interaction of Elevated Ultraviolet-B Radiation and CO2 on Productivity and Photosynthetic Characteristics in Wheat Rice and Soybean
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Interaction of Elevated Ultraviolet-B Radiation and CO2 on Productivity and Photosynthetic Characteristics in Wheat Rice and Soybean

机译：紫外线B辐射和CO2相互作用对小麦水稻和大豆的生产力和光合特性的影响

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Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Bannock), rice (Oryza sativa L. cv IR-36), and soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr cv Essex) were grown in a factorial greenhouse experiment to determine if CO2-induced increases in photosynthesis, biomass, and yield are modified by increases in ultraviolet (UV)-B radiation corresponding to stratospheric ozone depletion. The experimental conditions simulated were: (a) an increase in CO2 concentration from 350 to 650 microliters per liter; (b) an increase in UV-B radiation corresponding to a 10% ozone depletion at the equator; and (c) a and b in combination. Seed yield and total biomass increased significantly with elevated CO2 in all three species when compared to the control. However, with concurrent increases in UV-B and CO2, no increase in either seed yield (wheat and rice) or total biomass (rice) was observed with respect to the control. In contrast, CO2-induced increases in seed yield and total plant biomass were maintained or increased in soybean within the elevated CO2, UV-B environment. Whole leaf gas exchange indicated a significant increase in photosynthesis, apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) and water-use-efficiency (WUE) with elevated CO2 in all 3 species. Including elevated UV-B radiation with high CO2 eliminated the effect of high CO2 on photosynthesis and WUE in rice and the increase in AQE associated with high CO2 in all species. Elevated CO2 did not change the apparent carboxylation efficiency (ACE) in the three species although the combination of elevated CO2 and UV-B reduced ACE in wheat and rice. The results of this experiment illustrate that increased UV-B radiation may modify CO2-induced increases in biomass, seed yield and photosynthetic parameters and suggest that available data may not adequately characterize the potential effect of future, simultaneous changes in CO2 concentration and UV-B radiation.
机译：在因子分解温室试验中种植了小麦（普通小麦Bannock），稻米（Oryza sativa L.cv IR-36）和大豆（大豆Glycine max [L.] Merr cv Essex），以确定是否CO2诱导的温室气体增加。相应于平流层臭氧消耗的紫外线（UV）-B辐射的增加会改变光合作用，生物量和产量。模拟的实验条件是：（a）CO2浓度从每升350微升至650微升； （b）UV-B辐射增加，相当于赤道处的臭氧消耗量减少了10％； （c）a和b的组合。与对照相比，所有三个物种的种子产量和总生物量均随二氧化碳浓度的升高而显着增加。但是，随着UV-B和CO2的同时增加，与对照相比，未观察到种子产量（小麦和水稻）或总生物量（稻米）的增加。相反，在升高的CO2，UV-B环境下，大豆中CO2诱导的种子产量和植物总生物量的增加得以维持或增加。整个叶片气体交换表明，在所有3个物种中，光合作用，表观量子效率（AQE）和水利用效率（WUE）均显着增加，且CO2升高。包括增加高CO2的UV-B辐射，消除了所有物种中高CO2对水稻光合作用和WUE的影响以及与高CO2相关的AQE的增加。尽管升高的CO2和UV-B的结合降低了小麦和水稻的ACE，但升高的CO2并未改变这三个物种的表观羧化效率（ACE）。该实验的结果表明，增加的UV-B辐射可能会改变CO2诱导的生物量，种子产量和光合参数的增加，并表明可用数据可能不足以表征未来，CO2浓度和UV-B同时变化的潜在影响辐射。

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