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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Plant Physiology >Regulation of Oleoresinosis in Grand Fir (Abies grandis) (Coordinate Induction of Monoterpene and Diterpene Cyclases and Two Cytochrome P450-Dependent Diterpenoid Hydroxylases by Stem Wounding).
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Regulation of Oleoresinosis in Grand Fir (Abies grandis) (Coordinate Induction of Monoterpene and Diterpene Cyclases and Two Cytochrome P450-Dependent Diterpenoid Hydroxylases by Stem Wounding).

机译：调节大冷杉（Abies grandis）的油脂树脂病（通过干伤配合诱导单萜和二萜环化酶和两种细胞色素P450依赖性二萜类羟化酶）。

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摘要

Oleoresin (pitch) is a defensive secretion composed of monoterpene olefins (turpentine) and diterpene resin acids (rosin) that is produced in grand fir (Abies grandis Lindl.) stems in response to wounding. Monoterpene and diterpene biosynthesis are coordinately induced in wounded stems as determined by monitoring the activity of monoterpene and diterpene cyclases, as well as two cytochrome P450-dependent diterpenoid hydroxylases involved in the formation of ([mdash])-abietic acid, the principal resin acid of this species. The activity of these enzymes reaches maximum levels that are 5- to 100-fold higher than those of nowwounded control stems 10 d after wounding and this is followed by a synchronous decline. The increase in biosynthetic activity is consequently followed by the accumulation of a viscous mass of resin acids, with the loss of the volatile monoterpenes, at the site of injury. The observed coordinate induction of monoterpene olefin and abietic acid bio-synthesis and the results of oleoresin analysis are consistent with the role of the volatile monoterpenes as a solvent for the mobilization and deposition of resin acids at the wound site to seal the injury with a rosin barrier after the evaporation of the turpentine. The last step of resin acid biosynthesis is catalyzed by an operationally soluble aldehyde dehydrogenase that is not inducible by wounding but seemingly is expressed constitutively at a high level. In vivo [14C]acetate feeding and resin analysis indicate that this enzyme is not efficiently coupled to the earlier steps of the pathway.
机译：油脂树脂（沥青）是由单萜烯烯烃（松节油）和二萜树脂酸（松香）组成的防御性分泌物，其响应于受伤而在大冷杉（Abies grandis Lindl。）的茎中产生。通过监测单萜和二萜环化酶的活性，以及​​参与（mdash）-松香酸（主要树脂酸）形成的两种细胞色素P450依赖型二萜羟化酶的活性，可以确定在受伤的茎中协同诱导单萜和二萜的生物合成。这个物种。这些酶的活性在受伤后10 d达到最高水平，比现在受伤的对照茎高5到100倍，随后同步下降。因此，生物合成活性的增加是在损伤部位积累了粘性酸的树脂酸的积累，而挥发性单萜的损失。观察到的单萜烯和松香酸生物合成的配位诱导以及油树脂分析的结果与挥发性单萜作为溶剂的作用有关，该溶剂用于在伤口部位动员和沉积树脂酸以用松香密封损伤松节油蒸发后的屏障。树脂酸生物合成的最后一步是通过可操作溶解的醛脱氢酶催化的，该酶不是通过伤口诱导的，但看起来是高水平组成型表达的。体内[14C]乙酸酯进料和树脂分析表明，该酶未有效偶联至该途径的早期步骤。

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