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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Plants >Effect of Water Stress during Grain Filling on Yield Quality and Physiological Traits of Illpa and Rainbow Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) Cultivars
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Effect of Water Stress during Grain Filling on Yield Quality and Physiological Traits of Illpa and Rainbow Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) Cultivars

机译：灌浆过程中水分胁迫对紫花苜蓿和彩虹藜（Chenopodium quinoa Willd。）品种产量品质和生理性状的影响

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The total area under quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) cultivation and the consumption of its grain have increased in recent years because of its nutritional properties and ability to grow under adverse conditions, such as drought. Climate change scenarios predict extended periods of drought and this has emphasized the need for new crops that are tolerant to these conditions. The main goal of this work was to evaluate crop yield and quality parameters and to characterize the physiology of two varieties of quinoa grown under water deficit in greenhouse conditions. Two varieties of quinoa from the Chilean coast (Rainbow) and altiplano (Illpa) were used, grown under full irrigation or two different levels of water deficit applied during the grain filling period. There were no marked differences in yield and quality parameters between treatments, but the root biomass was higher in plants grown under severe water deficit conditions compared to control. Photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance decreased with increased water stress in both cultivars, but the coastal variety showed higher water use efficiency and less discrimination of 13C under water deficit. This response was associated with greater root development and a better stomatal opening adjustment, especially in the case of Rainbow. The capacity of Rainbow to increase its osmoregulant content (compounds such as proline, glutamine, glutamate, K and Na) could enable a potential osmotic adjustment in this variety. Moreover, the lower stomatal opening and transpiration rates were also associated with higher leaf ABA concentration values detected in Rainbow. We found negative logarithmic relationships between stomatal conductance and leaf ABA concentration in both varieties, with significant R2 values of 0.50 and 0.22 in Rainbow and Illpa, respectively. These moderate-to-medium values suggest that, in addition to ABA signaling, other causes for stomatal closure in quinoa under drought such as hydraulic regulation may play a role. In conclusion, this work showed that two quinoa cultivars use different strategies in the face of water deficit stress, and these prevent decreases in grain yield and quality under drought conditions.
机译：近年来，由于藜麦的营养特性和在干旱等不利条件下的生长能力，其藜麦（藜麦藜）的总种植面积和谷物消费量都在增加。气候变化情景预测干旱将持续较长时间，这已经强调了需要能够耐受这些条件的新作物。这项工作的主要目的是评估作物的产量和质量参数，并表征温室条件下在缺水情况下生长的两种藜麦的生理特性。使用了来自智利海岸（彩虹）和高原（Illpa）的两种藜麦，它们在充分灌溉条件下生长或在灌浆期施加了两种不同水平的水分亏缺。处理之间在产量和质量参数上没有显着差异，但是与对照相比，在严重缺水条件下生长的植物的根生物量更高。随着水分胁迫的加剧，两个品种的光合作用，蒸腾作用和气孔导度均降低，但沿海品种在缺水条件下表现出较高的水分利用效率和对 13 C的歧视。这种反应与更大的根部发育和更好的气孔开口调节有关，特别是在Rainbow的情况下。 Rainbow增加其渗透压调节剂（脯氨酸，谷氨酰胺，谷氨酸，钾和钠等化合物）含量的能力可能使该品种具有潜在的渗透调节作用。此外，较低的气孔开放和蒸腾速率也与在Rainbow中检测到的较高的叶片ABA浓度有关。我们发现两个品种的气孔导度与叶片ABA浓度呈负对数关系，Rainbow和Illpa的R 2 值分别为0.50和0.22。这些中等至中等的值表明，除ABA信号外，干旱下藜麦气孔关闭的其他原因（例如水力调节）也可能起作用。总之，这项工作表明，面对藜麦缺水胁迫，两个藜麦品种采用了不同的策略，它们可以防止干旱条件下谷物产量和品质的下降。

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