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PLA Melt Stabilization by High-Surface-Area Graphite and Carbon Black

机译：高表面积石墨和炭黑可稳定PLA熔体

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摘要

Small amounts of carbon nanofillers, specifically high-surface-area graphite (HSAG) and more effectively carbon black (CB), are able to solve the well-known problem of degradation (molecular weight reduction) during melt processing, for the most relevant biodegradable polymer, namely poly(lactic acid), PLA. This behavior is shown by rheological measurements (melt viscosity during extrusion experiments and time sweep-complex viscosity) combined with gel permeation chromatography (GPC) experiments. PLA’s molecular weight, which is heavily reduced during melt extrusion of the neat polymer, can remain essentially unaltered by simple compounding with only 0.1 wt % of CB. At temperatures close to polymer melting by compounding with graphitic fillers, the observed stabilization of PLA melt could be rationalized by scavenging traces of water, which reduces hydrolysis of polyester bonds. Thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) indicate that the same carbon fillers, on the contrary, slightly destabilize PLA toward decomposition reactions, leading to the loss of volatile byproducts, which occur at temperatures higher than 300 °C, i.e., far from melt processing conditions.
机译：少量的碳纳米填料，特别是高表面积石墨（HSAG）和更有效的炭黑（CB），能够解决最相关的可生物降解的熔融加工过程中众所周知的降解（分子量降低）问题。聚合物，即聚乳酸，PLA。通过流变学测量（挤出实验过程中的熔体粘度和时间扫描复数粘度）与凝胶渗透色谱法（GPC）实验相结合来显示这种行为。通过仅添加0.1 wt％的CB进行简单配混，就可以使PLA的分子量在纯聚合物的熔融挤出过程中大大降低，而分子量基本上保持不变。在接近通过与石墨填料混合而熔化的聚合物的温度下，可以通过清除痕量的水来合理化所观察到的PLA熔体的稳定性，从而减少聚酯键的水解。热重分析（TGA）表明，相反，相同的碳填料会使PLA在分解反应中稍微不稳定，从而导致挥发性副产物的损失，这种副产物在高于300°C的温度下发生，即远离熔融加工条件。

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