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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Educating and training industrial ecologists for the 1990s.
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Educating and training industrial ecologists for the 1990s.

机译：对1990年代的工业生态学家进行教育和培训。

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For industrial ecology to become a reality and flourish, many talents must be integrated into a single system. Basically, there are four types of technologists who must be brought together to create a system: (i) technical specialists-those that can take the state of knowledge to the state of the art and eventually to the state of practice; (ii) technical "generalists"-those that can integrate diverse technologies into a comprehensive solution; (iii) technical managers-those that can lead technical efforts to an optimal solution (these people must have management skills in their area); and (iv) program managers-those that can understand and merge the overall efforts of technology, business, schedule, and finance. The initial questions for industrial ecology in the 1990s are: Do these people presently exist in industry? What will be needed to bring new people (recent graduates) into the field of industrial ecology? For this decade, the people who will develop and lead the concept of industrial ecology are presently in industry. However, certainly few, if any, today understand the concept of industrial ecology as a system issue. Training will be needed for these practitioners of the 1990s so that the overall goal and the mechanism for achieving industrial ecology are understood. A three-tiered approach is presented to define the education/training needed, to conduct training on an industry basis, and then to initiate the training to be done within a corporation. The three tiers propose the use of universities, professional societies, and industry groups. Having universities participate in the training of the 1990s industrial ecologists will give universities insight to the development of industrial ecology, and access to industry needs so that curriculum can be initiated to educate the industrial ecologists of the future.
机译：为了使工业生态成为现实并蓬勃发展，必须将许多人才整合到一个系统中。基本上，必须召集四种类型的技术人员来创建一个系统：（i）技术专家-可以将知识水平提高到最新水平并最终达到实践水平的技术专家； （ii）技术“专员”-可以将多种技术整合为全面解决方案的专员； （iii）技术经理-可以将技术工作引向最佳解决方案的经理（这些人必须在其所在地区具有管理技能）； （iv）计划经理-可以理解和合并技术，业务，进度和财务方面的整体努力的人。 1990年代对工业生态学的最初问题是：目前这些人是否存在于工业中？将新人（应届毕业生）带入工业生态领域将需要什么？在这十年中，将发展和领导工业生态学概念的人们目前在工业中。但是，今天，即使有的话，也几乎没有人了解工业生态学作为系统问题的概念。 1990年代这些从业者将需要培训，以便了解实现工业生态的总体目标和机制。提出了一种三层方法来定义所需的教育/培训，以行业为基础进行培训，然后开始在公司内部进行培训。这三个层次建议使用大学，专业协会和行业团体。让大学参加1990年代工业生态学家的培训将使大学对工业生态学的发展有深刻见解，并了解工业需求，从而可以启动课程来教育未来的工业生态学家。

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