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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Social factors and health: the causation-selectionissue revisited.
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Social factors and health: the causation-selectionissue revisited.

机译：社会因素与健康：因果选择再版问题。

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摘要

Since social scientists rarely have access to experimental data, they rely heavily upon observational studies. As a consequence, their attempts to make causal inferences about the effects of social factors--such as occupation or marital status--on health are plagued by potential selection problems. Some researchers have addressed this selection-causation problem on the basis of the presence or absence of a particular aggregate pattern of health status. The rationale underlying this approach derives from the investigators' hypotheses that the presence of selection would lead to a particular type of pattern that is distinct from the pattern that would result in the absence of selection. Although intuitively appealing, this strategy appears to be seriously flawed. The essential weakness is that the range of patterns that can result from selection is often much broader than researchers have speculated.
机译：由于社会科学家很少获得实验数据，因此他们严重依赖观察研究。结果，他们试图对社会因素（例如职业或婚姻状况）对健康的影响进行因果推断的尝试受到潜在的选择问题的困扰。一些研究人员根据是否存在特定的总体健康状况模式来解决这种选择原因问题。这种方法的基本原理源自研究人员的假设，即选择的存在会导致一种特定类型的模式，这种模式不同于导致没有选择的模式。尽管从直观上讲很有吸引力，但此策略似乎存在严重缺陷。本质上的弱点是，选择可能导致的模式范围通常比研究人员所推测的范围要广得多。

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