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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Colloquium PaperAdaptive Agents Intelligence and Emergent Human Organization: Capturing Complexity through Agent-Based Modeling: Trust cooperation and market formation in the U.S. and Japan
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Colloquium PaperAdaptive Agents Intelligence and Emergent Human Organization: Capturing Complexity through Agent-Based Modeling: Trust cooperation and market formation in the U.S. and Japan

机译：座谈会论文自适应代理情报和新兴人类组织：通过基于代理的建模来捕捉复杂性：美国和日本的信任合作和市场形成

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Compared with the U.S., Japan is believed to have a collectivist culture that nurtures high trust. Results from laboratory and survey research, however, show that Americans are more likely to trust strangers than are Japanese. Why would trust be lower in a collectivist culture? We use an agent-based computational model to explore the evolutionary origin of this puzzling empirical finding. Computer simulations suggest that higher social mobility in the U.S. may be the explanation. With low mobility, agents rarely encounter strangers and thus remain highly parochial, trusting only their neighbors and avoiding open-market transactions with outsiders. With moderate mobility, agents learn to read telltale signs of character so that they can take advantage of better opportunities outside the neighborhood. However, if mobility is too great, there is too little trustworthiness to make the effort to discriminate worthwhile. This finding suggests that higher mobility in the U.S. may explain why Americans are more trusting than Japanese, but if mobility becomes too high, the self-reinforcing high-trust equilibrium could collapse.
机译：与美国相比，日本被认为具有能够培养高度信任的集体主义文化。但是，实验室和调查研究的结果表明，美国人比日本人更相信陌生人。为什么在集体主义文化中信任度会降低？我们使用基于代理的计算模型来探索这个令人费解的经验发现的进化起源。计算机模拟表明，美国较高的社会流动性可能是其原因。由于行动不便，特工很少遇到陌生人，因此保持高度狭par性，只信任他们的邻居，避免与外界的公开市场交易。通过适度的移动性，特工学会阅读性格特征的标志，以便他们可以利用邻里以外的更好机会。但是，如果流动性太大，则信任度太低，无法做出区分有价值的努力。这一发现表明，美国的更高流动性可以解释为什么美国人比日本人更信任，但是如果流动性变得太高，自我强化的高信任度平衡可能会崩溃。

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